feat(tx): run websocketspec and mqttspec operations in per-message transactions

Reads and deletes run in one transaction; create and update write in one
and re-fetch plus After hooks in a second. OnTxBegin fires first in each.

audit/single_tran.md

@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@
 | 1 | DONE  | Delete in one tx (single + batch, per-item hooks inside tx) | `resolvespec/handler.go`, `restheadspec/handler.go` | fixes 2 pool connections + race + RLS |
 | 2 | DONE  | `OnTxBegin` hook type + `runInTx` helper | `common/txhook.go`, `*/hooks.go`, `*/handler.go` | resolvespec + restheadspec; other specs in P4-6 |
 | 3 | DONE  | Insert/update post-commit hooks + re-fetch in second short `runInTx` (select only) | restheadspec `:1005, 1467, 1667-1674`; resolvespec `:1297, 1449, 1602` | per decision above |
-| 4 | TODO  | websocketspec + mqttspec: wrap read/create/update/delete in `runInTx` | `websocketspec/handler.go`, `mqttspec/handler.go` | mqttspec aliases websocketspec hooks; confirm `OnTxBegin` alias |
+| 4 | DONE  | websocketspec + mqttspec: wrap read/create/update/delete in `runInTx` | `websocketspec/handler.go`, `mqttspec/handler.go` | mqttspec aliases websocketspec hooks; confirm `OnTxBegin` alias |
 | 5 | TODO  | resolvemcp: read + single create in tx | `resolvemcp/handler.go:253, 445` | verify batch/update/delete hooks run inside tx |
 | 6 | TODO  | funcspec: `OnTxBegin` (or once-per-tx `BeforeOp`), `BeforeResponse` via `runInTx` | `funcspec/function_api.go:337, 640` | |
 | 7 | TODO  | Security hooks: register RLS stamping on `OnTxBegin`; document | `pkg/security/*`, README | |
@@ -89,7 +89,9 @@
 - DONE P3: restheadspec update re-fetch + `BeforeScan` + `AfterUpdate` and `AfterCreate` run in a second short `runInTx`; resolvespec update re-fetches (single, both batch paths) run in a second short `runInTx`. Fixed the pool reads inside the first tx (resolvespec single/batch update existing-record select, restheadspec update existence select) to use `tx`. Tests: `pkg/*/update_tx_test.go` (restheadspec uses the bun adapter; the pgsql adapter cannot build model-based updates).
 - NOTE: resolvespec fires no `AfterCreate`/`AfterRead`/`AfterUpdate`-post-commit hooks other than `AfterUpdate` inside the tx; nothing more to move there.
 - OPEN: restheadspec `AfterRead` still runs post-commit with `Tx = h.db` (`:1004`); decision says read has no second tx. Needs a call: run it inside the read tx, or in a short second tx.
-- NEXT: P4.
+- DONE P4: websocketspec + mqttspec. `OnTxBegin` (mqttspec re-exports the websocketspec constant), `HookContext.SetTx`, per-handler `runInTx`/`sendTxError`. Per message: read = 1 tx (Before/After hooks + queries); delete = 1 tx (Before, delete, After); create/update = tx 1 (Before + write) then tx 2 (re-fetch + `BeforeScan` + After). `create()`/`update()` no longer re-fetch; `read*`/`create`/`update`/`delete` use `hookCtx.Tx`. websocketspec `FetchRowNumber` keeps its public signature and delegates to a new tx-aware `fetchRowNumber`. A failure in begin/`OnTxBegin`/commit answers `transaction_error` with no detail. Tests: `pkg/websocketspec/tx_test.go` (sqlmock), `pkg/mqttspec/tx_test.go` (sqlite); mqttspec `update` tests now pass `Tx`.
+- DECIDED in P4 (follow `AfterRead` question above): websocketspec/mqttspec run `AfterRead` inside the read tx (keeps "read has no second tx").
+- NEXT: P5.
 
 ## Tests
 - Existing: per-spec `handler_test.go`, `hooks_test.go`, `integration_test.go`; models in `pkg/testmodels/business.go`; `dbtrace` unit tests.

pkg/mqttspec/handler.go

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ package mqttspec
 import (
 	"context"
 	"encoding/json"
+	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"reflect"
 	"strings"
@@ -313,42 +314,73 @@ func (h *Handler) handleRequest(client *Client, msg *Message) {
 	}
 }
 
-// handleRead processes a read operation
+// stageError marks which stage of an operation failed inside a transaction so the
+// right error response is sent once the transaction has rolled back.
+type stageError struct {
+	code string
+	err  error
+}
+
+func (e *stageError) Error() string { return e.err.Error() }
+func (e *stageError) Unwrap() error { return e.err }
+
+func hookStage(err error) error            { return &stageError{code: "hook_error", err: err} }
+func opStage(code string, err error) error { return &stageError{code: code, err: err} }
+
+// runInTx runs body in a transaction with hookCtx.Tx set to it and OnTxBegin fired
+// first. Transactions are per message, never per client connection.
+func (h *Handler) runInTx(hookCtx *HookContext, body func(tx common.Database) error) error {
+	return common.RunRequestTx(hookCtx.Context, h.db, hookCtx, func() error {
+		return h.hooks.Execute(OnTxBegin, hookCtx)
+	}, body)
+}
+
+// sendTxError sends the response for an error returned by runInTx. Errors that are
+// not stage errors (begin, OnTxBegin, commit) carry no detail to the client.
+func (h *Handler) sendTxError(client *Client, msgID string, err error) {
+	var stage *stageError
+	if errors.As(err, &stage) {
+		logger.Error("[MQTTSpec] %s: %v", stage.code, stage.err)
+		h.sendError(client.ID, msgID, stage.code, stage.err.Error())
+		return
+	}
+	logger.Error("[MQTTSpec] Transaction failed: %v", err)
+	h.sendError(client.ID, msgID, "transaction_error", "Transaction failed")
+}
+
+// handleRead processes a read operation; hooks and queries share one transaction.
 func (h *Handler) handleRead(client *Client, msg *Message, hookCtx *HookContext) {
-	// Execute before hook
-	if err := h.hooks.ExecuteBeforeOp(BeforeRead, hookCtx); err != nil {
-		logger.Error("[MQTTSpec] BeforeRead hook failed: %v", err)
-		h.sendError(client.ID, msg.ID, "hook_error", err.Error())
-		return
-	}
-
-	// Perform read operation
-	var data interface{}
 	var metadata map[string]interface{}
-	var err error
 
-	if hookCtx.ID != "" {
+	err := h.runInTx(hookCtx, func(tx common.Database) error {
-		// Read single record by ID
+		if err := h.hooks.ExecuteBeforeOp(BeforeRead, hookCtx); err != nil {
-		data, err = h.readByID(hookCtx)
+			return hookStage(err)
-		metadata = map[string]interface{}{"total": 1}
+		}
-	} else {
-		// Read multiple records
-		data, metadata, err = h.readMultiple(hookCtx)
-	}
 
+		var data interface{}
+		var err error
+		if hookCtx.ID != "" {
+			// Read single record by ID
+			data, err = h.readByID(hookCtx)
+			metadata = map[string]interface{}{"total": 1}
+		} else {
+			// Read multiple records
+			data, metadata, err = h.readMultiple(hookCtx)
+		}
+		if err != nil {
+			return opStage("read_error", err)
+		}
+
+		// Update hook context
+		hookCtx.Result = data
+
+		if err := h.hooks.Execute(AfterRead, hookCtx); err != nil {
+			return hookStage(err)
+		}
+		return nil
+	})
 	if err != nil {
-		logger.Error("[MQTTSpec] Read operation failed: %v", err)
+		h.sendTxError(client, msg.ID, err)
-		h.sendError(client.ID, msg.ID, "read_error", err.Error())
-		return
-	}
-
-	// Update hook context
-	hookCtx.Result = data
-
-	// Execute after hook
-	if err := h.hooks.Execute(AfterRead, hookCtx); err != nil {
-		logger.Error("[MQTTSpec] AfterRead hook failed: %v", err)
-		h.sendError(client.ID, msg.ID, "hook_error", err.Error())
 		return
 	}
 
@@ -356,30 +388,49 @@ func (h *Handler) handleRead(client *Client, msg *Message, hookCtx *HookContext)
 	h.sendResponse(client.ID, msg.ID, hookCtx.Result, metadata)
 }
 
-// handleCreate processes a create operation
+// handleCreate processes a create operation. The insert runs in the first
+// transaction; the re-fetch (to capture DB defaults/triggers) and AfterCreate run
+// in a second short transaction.
 func (h *Handler) handleCreate(client *Client, msg *Message, hookCtx *HookContext) {
-	// Execute before hook
+	var data interface{}
-	if err := h.hooks.ExecuteBeforeOp(BeforeCreate, hookCtx); err != nil {
-		logger.Error("[MQTTSpec] BeforeCreate hook failed: %v", err)
-		h.sendError(client.ID, msg.ID, "hook_error", err.Error())
-		return
-	}
 
-	// Perform create operation
+	err := h.runInTx(hookCtx, func(tx common.Database) error {
-	data, err := h.create(hookCtx)
+		if err := h.hooks.ExecuteBeforeOp(BeforeCreate, hookCtx); err != nil {
+			return hookStage(err)
+		}
+
+		var err error
+		data, err = h.create(hookCtx)
+		if err != nil {
+			return opStage("create_error", err)
+		}
+		return nil
+	})
 	if err != nil {
-		logger.Error("[MQTTSpec] Create operation failed: %v", err)
+		h.sendTxError(client, msg.ID, err)
-		h.sendError(client.ID, msg.ID, "create_error", err.Error())
 		return
 	}
 
-	// Update hook context
+	err = h.runInTx(hookCtx, func(tx common.Database) error {
-	hookCtx.Result = data
+		if pkVal := reflection.GetPrimaryKeyValue(hookCtx.ModelPtr); pkVal != nil {
+			hookCtx.ID = fmt.Sprintf("%v", pkVal)
+			var err error
+			data, err = h.readByID(hookCtx)
+			if err != nil {
+				return opStage("create_error", err)
+			}
+		}
 
-	// Execute after hook
+		// Update hook context
-	if err := h.hooks.Execute(AfterCreate, hookCtx); err != nil {
+		hookCtx.Result = data
-		logger.Error("[MQTTSpec] AfterCreate hook failed: %v", err)
+
-		h.sendError(client.ID, msg.ID, "hook_error", err.Error())
+		if err := h.hooks.Execute(AfterCreate, hookCtx); err != nil {
+			return hookStage(err)
+		}
+		return nil
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		h.sendTxError(client, msg.ID, err)
 		return
 	}
 
@@ -390,30 +441,42 @@ func (h *Handler) handleCreate(client *Client, msg *Message, hookCtx *HookContex
 	h.notifySubscribers(hookCtx.Schema, hookCtx.Entity, OperationCreate, data)
 }
 
-// handleUpdate processes an update operation
+// handleUpdate processes an update operation. The update runs in the first
+// transaction; the re-fetch and AfterUpdate run in a second short transaction.
 func (h *Handler) handleUpdate(client *Client, msg *Message, hookCtx *HookContext) {
-	// Execute before hook
+	var data interface{}
-	if err := h.hooks.ExecuteBeforeOp(BeforeUpdate, hookCtx); err != nil {
-		logger.Error("[MQTTSpec] BeforeUpdate hook failed: %v", err)
-		h.sendError(client.ID, msg.ID, "hook_error", err.Error())
-		return
-	}
 
-	// Perform update operation
+	err := h.runInTx(hookCtx, func(tx common.Database) error {
-	data, err := h.update(hookCtx)
+		if err := h.hooks.ExecuteBeforeOp(BeforeUpdate, hookCtx); err != nil {
+			return hookStage(err)
+		}
+		if err := h.update(hookCtx); err != nil {
+			return opStage("update_error", err)
+		}
+		return nil
+	})
 	if err != nil {
-		logger.Error("[MQTTSpec] Update operation failed: %v", err)
+		h.sendTxError(client, msg.ID, err)
-		h.sendError(client.ID, msg.ID, "update_error", err.Error())
 		return
 	}
 
-	// Update hook context
+	err = h.runInTx(hookCtx, func(tx common.Database) error {
-	hookCtx.Result = data
+		var err error
+		data, err = h.readByID(hookCtx)
+		if err != nil {
+			return opStage("update_error", err)
+		}
 
-	// Execute after hook
+		// Update hook context
-	if err := h.hooks.Execute(AfterUpdate, hookCtx); err != nil {
+		hookCtx.Result = data
-		logger.Error("[MQTTSpec] AfterUpdate hook failed: %v", err)
+
-		h.sendError(client.ID, msg.ID, "hook_error", err.Error())
+		if err := h.hooks.Execute(AfterUpdate, hookCtx); err != nil {
+			return hookStage(err)
+		}
+		return nil
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		h.sendTxError(client, msg.ID, err)
 		return
 	}
 
@@ -424,26 +487,22 @@ func (h *Handler) handleUpdate(client *Client, msg *Message, hookCtx *HookContex
 	h.notifySubscribers(hookCtx.Schema, hookCtx.Entity, OperationUpdate, data)
 }
 
-// handleDelete processes a delete operation
+// handleDelete processes a delete operation; hooks and delete share one transaction.
 func (h *Handler) handleDelete(client *Client, msg *Message, hookCtx *HookContext) {
-	// Execute before hook
+	err := h.runInTx(hookCtx, func(tx common.Database) error {
-	if err := h.hooks.ExecuteBeforeOp(BeforeDelete, hookCtx); err != nil {
+		if err := h.hooks.ExecuteBeforeOp(BeforeDelete, hookCtx); err != nil {
-		logger.Error("[MQTTSpec] BeforeDelete hook failed: %v", err)
+			return hookStage(err)
-		h.sendError(client.ID, msg.ID, "hook_error", err.Error())
+		}
-		return
+		if err := h.delete(hookCtx); err != nil {
-	}
+			return opStage("delete_error", err)
-
+		}
-	// Perform delete operation
+		if err := h.hooks.Execute(AfterDelete, hookCtx); err != nil {
-	if err := h.delete(hookCtx); err != nil {
+			return hookStage(err)
-		logger.Error("[MQTTSpec] Delete operation failed: %v", err)
+		}
-		h.sendError(client.ID, msg.ID, "delete_error", err.Error())
+		return nil
-		return
+	})
-	}
+	if err != nil {
-
+		h.sendTxError(client, msg.ID, err)
-	// Execute after hook
-	if err := h.hooks.Execute(AfterDelete, hookCtx); err != nil {
-		logger.Error("[MQTTSpec] AfterDelete hook failed: %v", err)
-		h.sendError(client.ID, msg.ID, "hook_error", err.Error())
 		return
 	}
 
@@ -671,7 +730,7 @@ func (h *Handler) getTableName(schema, entity string, model interface{}) string
 
 // readByID reads a single record by ID
 func (h *Handler) readByID(hookCtx *HookContext) (interface{}, error) {
-	query := h.db.NewSelect().Model(hookCtx.ModelPtr).Table(hookCtx.TableName)
+	query := hookCtx.Tx.NewSelect().Model(hookCtx.ModelPtr).Table(hookCtx.TableName)
 
 	// Add ID filter
 	pkName := reflection.GetPrimaryKeyName(hookCtx.Model)
@@ -711,7 +770,7 @@ func (h *Handler) readByID(hookCtx *HookContext) (interface{}, error) {
 
 // readMultiple reads multiple records
 func (h *Handler) readMultiple(hookCtx *HookContext) (data interface{}, metadata map[string]interface{}, err error) {
-	query := h.db.NewSelect().Model(hookCtx.ModelPtr).Table(hookCtx.TableName)
+	query := hookCtx.Tx.NewSelect().Model(hookCtx.ModelPtr).Table(hookCtx.TableName)
 
 	// Apply options
 	if hookCtx.Options != nil {
@@ -786,7 +845,7 @@ func (h *Handler) readMultiple(hookCtx *HookContext) (data interface{}, metadata
 
 	// Get count
 	metadata = make(map[string]interface{})
-	countQuery := h.db.NewSelect().Model(hookCtx.ModelPtr).Table(hookCtx.TableName)
+	countQuery := hookCtx.Tx.NewSelect().Model(hookCtx.ModelPtr).Table(hookCtx.TableName)
 	if hookCtx.Options != nil {
 		for _, filter := range hookCtx.Options.Filters {
 			if cond, jargs, ok := common.BuildJSONFilterCondition(hookCtx.Model, "", filter.Column, filter.Operator, filter.Value); ok {
@@ -835,22 +894,16 @@ func (h *Handler) create(hookCtx *HookContext) (interface{}, error) {
 	}
 
 	// Insert record
-	query := h.db.NewInsert().Model(hookCtx.ModelPtr).Table(hookCtx.TableName)
+	query := hookCtx.Tx.NewInsert().Model(hookCtx.ModelPtr).Table(hookCtx.TableName)
 	if _, err := query.Exec(hookCtx.Context); err != nil {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to create record: %w", err)
 	}
 
-	// Re-fetch the created record to capture DB-generated defaults/triggers.
-	if pkVal := reflection.GetPrimaryKeyValue(hookCtx.ModelPtr); pkVal != nil {
-		hookCtx.ID = fmt.Sprintf("%v", pkVal)
-		return h.readByID(hookCtx)
-	}
-
 	return hookCtx.ModelPtr, nil
 }
 
 // update updates an existing record
-func (h *Handler) update(hookCtx *HookContext) (interface{}, error) {
+func (h *Handler) update(hookCtx *HookContext) error {
 	// Convert request data to a map
 	var updates map[string]interface{}
 	if m, ok := hookCtx.Data.(map[string]interface{}); ok {
@@ -858,10 +911,10 @@ func (h *Handler) update(hookCtx *HookContext) (interface{}, error) {
 	} else {
 		dataBytes, err := json.Marshal(hookCtx.Data)
 		if err != nil {
-			return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to marshal data: %w", err)
+			return fmt.Errorf("failed to marshal data: %w", err)
 		}
 		if err := json.Unmarshal(dataBytes, &updates); err != nil {
-			return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to unmarshal data into map: %w", err)
+			return fmt.Errorf("failed to unmarshal data into map: %w", err)
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -872,21 +925,20 @@ func (h *Handler) update(hookCtx *HookContext) (interface{}, error) {
 	values := common.MergeUpdateValues(make(map[string]interface{}, len(updates)), updates, h.disallowNulls)
 
 	if len(values) > 0 {
-		query := h.db.NewUpdate().Table(hookCtx.TableName).SetMap(values).
+		query := hookCtx.Tx.NewUpdate().Table(hookCtx.TableName).SetMap(values).
 			Where(fmt.Sprintf("%s = ?", common.QuoteIdent(pkName)), hookCtx.ID)
 
 		if _, err := query.Exec(hookCtx.Context); err != nil {
-			return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to update record: %w", err)
+			return fmt.Errorf("failed to update record: %w", err)
 		}
 	}
 
-	// Fetch updated record
+	return nil
-	return h.readByID(hookCtx)
 }
 
 // delete deletes a record
 func (h *Handler) delete(hookCtx *HookContext) error {
-	query := h.db.NewDelete().Model(hookCtx.ModelPtr).Table(hookCtx.TableName)
+	query := hookCtx.Tx.NewDelete().Model(hookCtx.ModelPtr).Table(hookCtx.TableName)
 
 	// Add ID filter
 	pkName := reflection.GetPrimaryKeyName(hookCtx.Model)

pkg/mqttspec/handler_test.go

@@ -773,7 +773,7 @@ func TestHandler_HandleIncomingMessage_ValidMessage(t *testing.T) {
 }
 
 func TestHandler_Update_OnlyPresentKeysChange(t *testing.T) {
-	newHook := func(id string, data map[string]interface{}) *HookContext {
+	newHook := func(handler *Handler, id string, data map[string]interface{}) *HookContext {
 		return &HookContext{
 			Context:   context.Background(),
 			TableName: "users",
@@ -784,6 +784,7 @@ func TestHandler_Update_OnlyPresentKeysChange(t *testing.T) {
 			ID:        id,
 			Data:      data,
 			Options:   &common.RequestOptions{},
+			Tx:        handler.db,
 		}
 	}
 	seed := func(t *testing.T, db *gorm.DB) {
@@ -794,7 +795,7 @@ func TestHandler_Update_OnlyPresentKeysChange(t *testing.T) {
 		handler, db := setupTestHandler(t)
 		seed(t, db)
 
-		_, err := handler.update(newHook("1", map[string]interface{}{"name": ""}))
+		err := handler.update(newHook(handler, "1", map[string]interface{}{"name": ""}))
 		require.NoError(t, err)
 
 		var got TestUser
@@ -808,7 +809,7 @@ func TestHandler_Update_OnlyPresentKeysChange(t *testing.T) {
 		handler, db := setupTestHandler(t)
 		seed(t, db)
 
-		_, err := handler.update(newHook("1", map[string]interface{}{"status": "inactive"}))
+		err := handler.update(newHook(handler, "1", map[string]interface{}{"status": "inactive"}))
 		require.NoError(t, err)
 
 		var got TestUser
@@ -823,7 +824,7 @@ func TestHandler_Update_OnlyPresentKeysChange(t *testing.T) {
 		handler.SetDisallowNulls(true)
 		seed(t, db)
 
-		_, err := handler.update(newHook("1", map[string]interface{}{"name": nil, "status": ""}))
+		err := handler.update(newHook(handler, "1", map[string]interface{}{"name": nil, "status": ""}))
 		require.NoError(t, err)
 
 		var got TestUser

pkg/mqttspec/hooks.go

@@ -50,6 +50,11 @@ const (
 
 	// BeforeOp fires immediately before every SQL operation (read, create, update, delete)
 	BeforeOp = websocketspec.BeforeOp
+
+	// OnTxBegin fires once, first, inside every transaction the handler opens for a
+	// read/create/update/delete message (including the second short transaction for
+	// post-commit work). hookCtx.Tx is the transaction.
+	OnTxBegin = websocketspec.OnTxBegin
 )
 
 // NewHookRegistry creates a new hook registry

pkg/mqttspec/tx_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+package mqttspec
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"errors"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+
+	"github.com/bitechdev/ResolveSpec/pkg/common"
+)
+
+func newTxHook(handler *Handler, data interface{}) *HookContext {
+	return &HookContext{
+		Context:   context.Background(),
+		TableName: "users",
+		Model:     &TestUser{},
+		ModelPtr:  &TestUser{},
+		Schema:    "public",
+		Entity:    "users",
+		ID:        "1",
+		Data:      data,
+		Options:   &common.RequestOptions{},
+		Metadata:  map[string]interface{}{},
+		Tx:        handler.db,
+	}
+}
+
+func TestHandler_OnTxBeginFiresFirstOnTransaction(t *testing.T) {
+	handler, db := setupTestHandler(t)
+	require.NoError(t, db.Create(&TestUser{ID: 1, Name: "a", Email: "a@example.com", Status: "active"}).Error)
+
+	var order []string
+	var txs []common.Database
+	handler.hooks.Register(OnTxBegin, func(c *HookContext) error {
+		order = append(order, "begin")
+		txs = append(txs, c.Tx)
+		return nil
+	})
+	handler.hooks.Register(BeforeDelete, func(c *HookContext) error {
+		order = append(order, "before")
+		return nil
+	})
+
+	handler.handleDelete(&Client{ID: "c1"}, &Message{ID: "m1"}, newTxHook(handler, nil))
+
+	var count int64
+	require.NoError(t, db.Model(&TestUser{}).Where("id = 1").Count(&count).Error)
+	assert.Zero(t, count)
+	require.Len(t, txs, 1)
+	assert.NotEqual(t, handler.db, txs[0])
+	assert.Equal(t, []string{"begin", "before"}, order)
+}
+
+func TestHandler_OnTxBeginErrorAbortsWithoutWriting(t *testing.T) {
+	handler, db := setupTestHandler(t)
+	require.NoError(t, db.Create(&TestUser{ID: 1, Name: "a", Email: "a@example.com", Status: "active"}).Error)
+	handler.hooks.Register(OnTxBegin, func(c *HookContext) error { return errors.New("no user") })
+
+	handler.handleDelete(&Client{ID: "c1"}, &Message{ID: "m1"}, newTxHook(handler, nil))
+
+	var count int64
+	require.NoError(t, db.Model(&TestUser{}).Where("id = 1").Count(&count).Error)
+	assert.Equal(t, int64(1), count)
+}
+
+func TestHandler_UpdateRunsAfterHookOnSecondTransaction(t *testing.T) {
+	handler, db := setupTestHandler(t)
+	require.NoError(t, db.Create(&TestUser{ID: 1, Name: "a", Email: "a@example.com", Status: "active"}).Error)
+
+	var begins []common.Database
+	var afterTx common.Database
+	handler.hooks.Register(OnTxBegin, func(c *HookContext) error {
+		begins = append(begins, c.Tx)
+		return nil
+	})
+	handler.hooks.Register(AfterUpdate, func(c *HookContext) error {
+		afterTx = c.Tx
+		return nil
+	})
+
+	handler.handleUpdate(&Client{ID: "c1"}, &Message{ID: "m1"}, newTxHook(handler, map[string]interface{}{"name": "b"}))
+
+	var got TestUser
+	require.NoError(t, db.First(&got, 1).Error)
+	assert.Equal(t, "b", got.Name)
+	require.Len(t, begins, 2)
+	assert.NotEqual(t, begins[0], begins[1])
+	assert.Equal(t, begins[1], afterTx)
+}

pkg/websocketspec/handler.go

@@ -221,49 +221,84 @@ func (h *Handler) handleRequest(conn *Connection, msg *Message) {
 	}
 }
 
-// handleRead processes a read operation
+// stageError marks which stage of an operation failed inside a transaction so the
+// right error response is sent once the transaction has rolled back.
+type stageError struct {
+	code string
+	hook bool
+	err  error
+}
+
+func (e *stageError) Error() string { return e.err.Error() }
+func (e *stageError) Unwrap() error { return e.err }
+
+func hookStage(err error) error { return &stageError{code: "hook_error", hook: true, err: err} }
+func opStage(code string, err error) error {
+	return &stageError{code: code, err: err}
+}
+
+// runInTx runs body in a transaction with hookCtx.Tx set to it and OnTxBegin fired
+// first. Transactions are per message, never per connection.
+func (h *Handler) runInTx(hookCtx *HookContext, body func(tx common.Database) error) error {
+	return common.RunRequestTx(hookCtx.Context, h.db, hookCtx, func() error {
+		return h.hooks.Execute(OnTxBegin, hookCtx)
+	}, body)
+}
+
+// sendTxError sends the response for an error returned by runInTx. Errors that are
+// not stage errors (begin, OnTxBegin, commit) carry no detail to the client.
+func (h *Handler) sendTxError(conn *Connection, msgID string, err error) {
+	var stage *stageError
+	switch {
+	case errors.As(err, &stage) && stage.hook:
+		logger.Error("[WebSocketSpec] %s: %v", stage.code, stage.err)
+		_ = conn.SendJSON(NewErrorResponse(msgID, stage.code, stage.err.Error()))
+	case errors.As(err, &stage):
+		logger.Error("[WebSocketSpec] %s: %v", stage.code, stage.err)
+		_ = conn.SendJSON(newErrorResponseFromErr(msgID, stage.code, stage.err))
+	default:
+		logger.Error("[WebSocketSpec] Transaction failed: %v", err)
+		_ = conn.SendJSON(NewErrorResponse(msgID, "transaction_error", "Transaction failed"))
+	}
+}
+
+// handleRead processes a read operation; hooks and queries share one transaction.
 func (h *Handler) handleRead(conn *Connection, msg *Message, hookCtx *HookContext) {
-	// Execute before hook
-	if err := h.hooks.ExecuteBeforeOp(BeforeRead, hookCtx); err != nil {
-		logger.Error("[WebSocketSpec] BeforeRead hook failed: %v", err)
-		errResp := NewErrorResponse(msg.ID, "hook_error", err.Error())
-		_ = conn.SendJSON(errResp)
-		return
-	}
-
-	// Perform read operation
-	var data interface{}
 	var metadata map[string]interface{}
-	var err error
 
-	// Check if FetchRowNumber is specified (treat as single record read)
+	err := h.runInTx(hookCtx, func(tx common.Database) error {
-	isFetchRowNumber := hookCtx.Options != nil && hookCtx.Options.FetchRowNumber != nil && *hookCtx.Options.FetchRowNumber != ""
+		if err := h.hooks.ExecuteBeforeOp(BeforeRead, hookCtx); err != nil {
+			return hookStage(err)
+		}
 
-	if hookCtx.ID != "" || isFetchRowNumber {
+		var data interface{}
-		// Read single record by ID or FetchRowNumber
+		var err error
-		data, err = h.readByID(hookCtx)
+		// Check if FetchRowNumber is specified (treat as single record read)
-		metadata = map[string]interface{}{"total": 1}
+		isFetchRowNumber := hookCtx.Options != nil && hookCtx.Options.FetchRowNumber != nil && *hookCtx.Options.FetchRowNumber != ""
-		// The row number is already set on the record itself via setRowNumbersOnRecords
-	} else {
-		// Read multiple records
-		data, metadata, err = h.readMultiple(hookCtx)
-	}
 
+		if hookCtx.ID != "" || isFetchRowNumber {
+			// Read single record by ID or FetchRowNumber
+			data, err = h.readByID(hookCtx)
+			metadata = map[string]interface{}{"total": 1}
+			// The row number is already set on the record itself via setRowNumbersOnRecords
+		} else {
+			// Read multiple records
+			data, metadata, err = h.readMultiple(hookCtx)
+		}
+		if err != nil {
+			return opStage("read_error", err)
+		}
+
+		// Update hook context with result
+		hookCtx.Result = data
+
+		if err := h.hooks.Execute(AfterRead, hookCtx); err != nil {
+			return hookStage(err)
+		}
+		return nil
+	})
 	if err != nil {
-		logger.Error("[WebSocketSpec] Read operation failed: %v", err)
+		h.sendTxError(conn, msg.ID, err)
-		errResp := newErrorResponseFromErr(msg.ID, "read_error", err)
-		_ = conn.SendJSON(errResp)
-		return
-	}
-
-	// Update hook context with result
-	hookCtx.Result = data
-
-	// Execute after hook
-	if err := h.hooks.Execute(AfterRead, hookCtx); err != nil {
-		logger.Error("[WebSocketSpec] AfterRead hook failed: %v", err)
-		errResp := NewErrorResponse(msg.ID, "hook_error", err.Error())
-		_ = conn.SendJSON(errResp)
 		return
 	}
 
@@ -273,33 +308,49 @@ func (h *Handler) handleRead(conn *Connection, msg *Message, hookCtx *HookContex
 	_ = conn.SendJSON(resp)
 }
 
-// handleCreate processes a create operation
+// handleCreate processes a create operation. The insert runs in the first
+// transaction; the re-fetch (to capture DB defaults/triggers) and AfterCreate run
+// in a second short transaction.
 func (h *Handler) handleCreate(conn *Connection, msg *Message, hookCtx *HookContext) {
-	// Execute before hook
+	var data interface{}
-	if err := h.hooks.ExecuteBeforeOp(BeforeCreate, hookCtx); err != nil {
-		logger.Error("[WebSocketSpec] BeforeCreate hook failed: %v", err)
-		errResp := NewErrorResponse(msg.ID, "hook_error", err.Error())
-		_ = conn.SendJSON(errResp)
-		return
-	}
 
-	// Perform create operation
+	err := h.runInTx(hookCtx, func(tx common.Database) error {
-	data, err := h.create(hookCtx)
+		if err := h.hooks.ExecuteBeforeOp(BeforeCreate, hookCtx); err != nil {
+			return hookStage(err)
+		}
+
+		var err error
+		data, err = h.create(hookCtx)
+		if err != nil {
+			return opStage("create_error", err)
+		}
+		return nil
+	})
 	if err != nil {
-		logger.Error("[WebSocketSpec] Create operation failed: %v", err)
+		h.sendTxError(conn, msg.ID, err)
-		errResp := newErrorResponseFromErr(msg.ID, "create_error", err)
-		_ = conn.SendJSON(errResp)
 		return
 	}
 
-	// Update hook context
+	err = h.runInTx(hookCtx, func(tx common.Database) error {
-	hookCtx.Result = data
+		if reflection.GetPrimaryKeyValue(hookCtx.ModelPtr) != nil {
+			hookCtx.ID = fmt.Sprintf("%v", reflection.GetPrimaryKeyValue(hookCtx.ModelPtr))
+			var err error
+			data, err = h.readByID(hookCtx)
+			if err != nil {
+				return opStage("create_error", err)
+			}
+		}
 
-	// Execute after hook
+		// Update hook context
-	if err := h.hooks.Execute(AfterCreate, hookCtx); err != nil {
+		hookCtx.Result = data
-		logger.Error("[WebSocketSpec] AfterCreate hook failed: %v", err)
+
-		errResp := NewErrorResponse(msg.ID, "hook_error", err.Error())
+		if err := h.hooks.Execute(AfterCreate, hookCtx); err != nil {
-		_ = conn.SendJSON(errResp)
+			return hookStage(err)
+		}
+		return nil
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		h.sendTxError(conn, msg.ID, err)
 		return
 	}
 
@@ -311,33 +362,42 @@ func (h *Handler) handleCreate(conn *Connection, msg *Message, hookCtx *HookCont
 	h.notifySubscribers(hookCtx.Schema, hookCtx.Entity, OperationCreate, data)
 }
 
-// handleUpdate processes an update operation
+// handleUpdate processes an update operation. The update runs in the first
+// transaction; the re-fetch and AfterUpdate run in a second short transaction.
 func (h *Handler) handleUpdate(conn *Connection, msg *Message, hookCtx *HookContext) {
-	// Execute before hook
+	var data interface{}
-	if err := h.hooks.ExecuteBeforeOp(BeforeUpdate, hookCtx); err != nil {
-		logger.Error("[WebSocketSpec] BeforeUpdate hook failed: %v", err)
-		errResp := NewErrorResponse(msg.ID, "hook_error", err.Error())
-		_ = conn.SendJSON(errResp)
-		return
-	}
 
-	// Perform update operation
+	err := h.runInTx(hookCtx, func(tx common.Database) error {
-	data, err := h.update(hookCtx)
+		if err := h.hooks.ExecuteBeforeOp(BeforeUpdate, hookCtx); err != nil {
+			return hookStage(err)
+		}
+		if err := h.update(hookCtx); err != nil {
+			return opStage("update_error", err)
+		}
+		return nil
+	})
 	if err != nil {
-		logger.Error("[WebSocketSpec] Update operation failed: %v", err)
+		h.sendTxError(conn, msg.ID, err)
-		errResp := newErrorResponseFromErr(msg.ID, "update_error", err)
-		_ = conn.SendJSON(errResp)
 		return
 	}
 
-	// Update hook context
+	err = h.runInTx(hookCtx, func(tx common.Database) error {
-	hookCtx.Result = data
+		var err error
+		data, err = h.readByID(hookCtx)
+		if err != nil {
+			return opStage("update_error", err)
+		}
 
-	// Execute after hook
+		// Update hook context
-	if err := h.hooks.Execute(AfterUpdate, hookCtx); err != nil {
+		hookCtx.Result = data
-		logger.Error("[WebSocketSpec] AfterUpdate hook failed: %v", err)
+
-		errResp := NewErrorResponse(msg.ID, "hook_error", err.Error())
+		if err := h.hooks.Execute(AfterUpdate, hookCtx); err != nil {
-		_ = conn.SendJSON(errResp)
+			return hookStage(err)
+		}
+		return nil
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		h.sendTxError(conn, msg.ID, err)
 		return
 	}
 
@@ -349,30 +409,22 @@ func (h *Handler) handleUpdate(conn *Connection, msg *Message, hookCtx *HookCont
 	h.notifySubscribers(hookCtx.Schema, hookCtx.Entity, OperationUpdate, data)
 }
 
-// handleDelete processes a delete operation
+// handleDelete processes a delete operation; hooks and delete share one transaction.
 func (h *Handler) handleDelete(conn *Connection, msg *Message, hookCtx *HookContext) {
-	// Execute before hook
+	err := h.runInTx(hookCtx, func(tx common.Database) error {
-	if err := h.hooks.ExecuteBeforeOp(BeforeDelete, hookCtx); err != nil {
+		if err := h.hooks.ExecuteBeforeOp(BeforeDelete, hookCtx); err != nil {
-		logger.Error("[WebSocketSpec] BeforeDelete hook failed: %v", err)
+			return hookStage(err)
-		errResp := NewErrorResponse(msg.ID, "hook_error", err.Error())
+		}
-		_ = conn.SendJSON(errResp)
+		if err := h.delete(hookCtx); err != nil {
-		return
+			return opStage("delete_error", err)
-	}
+		}
-
+		if err := h.hooks.Execute(AfterDelete, hookCtx); err != nil {
-	// Perform delete operation
+			return hookStage(err)
-	err := h.delete(hookCtx)
+		}
+		return nil
+	})
 	if err != nil {
-		logger.Error("[WebSocketSpec] Delete operation failed: %v", err)
+		h.sendTxError(conn, msg.ID, err)
-		errResp := newErrorResponseFromErr(msg.ID, "delete_error", err)
-		_ = conn.SendJSON(errResp)
-		return
-	}
-
-	// Execute after hook
-	if err := h.hooks.Execute(AfterDelete, hookCtx); err != nil {
-		logger.Error("[WebSocketSpec] AfterDelete hook failed: %v", err)
-		errResp := NewErrorResponse(msg.ID, "hook_error", err.Error())
-		_ = conn.SendJSON(errResp)
 		return
 	}
 
@@ -548,7 +600,7 @@ func (h *Handler) readByID(hookCtx *HookContext) (interface{}, error) {
 		fetchRowNumberPKValue := *hookCtx.Options.FetchRowNumber
 		logger.Debug("[WebSocketSpec] FetchRowNumber: Fetching row number for PK %s = %s", pkName, fetchRowNumberPKValue)
 
-		rowNum, err := h.FetchRowNumber(hookCtx.Context, hookCtx.TableName, pkName, fetchRowNumberPKValue, hookCtx.Options, hookCtx.Model)
+		rowNum, err := h.fetchRowNumber(hookCtx.Context, hookCtx.Tx, hookCtx.TableName, pkName, fetchRowNumberPKValue, hookCtx.Options, hookCtx.Model)
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to fetch row number: %w", err)
 		}
@@ -560,7 +612,7 @@ func (h *Handler) readByID(hookCtx *HookContext) (interface{}, error) {
 		hookCtx.ID = fetchRowNumberPKValue
 	}
 
-	query := h.db.NewSelect().Model(hookCtx.ModelPtr).Table(hookCtx.TableName)
+	query := hookCtx.Tx.NewSelect().Model(hookCtx.ModelPtr).Table(hookCtx.TableName)
 
 	// Add ID filter
 	query = query.Where(fmt.Sprintf("%s = ?", pkName), hookCtx.ID)
@@ -604,7 +656,7 @@ func (h *Handler) readByID(hookCtx *HookContext) (interface{}, error) {
 }
 
 func (h *Handler) readMultiple(hookCtx *HookContext) (data interface{}, metadata map[string]interface{}, err error) {
-	query := h.db.NewSelect().Model(hookCtx.ModelPtr).Table(hookCtx.TableName)
+	query := hookCtx.Tx.NewSelect().Model(hookCtx.ModelPtr).Table(hookCtx.TableName)
 
 	// Apply options (simplified implementation)
 	if hookCtx.Options != nil {
@@ -669,7 +721,7 @@ func (h *Handler) readMultiple(hookCtx *HookContext) (data interface{}, metadata
 
 	// Get count
 	metadata = make(map[string]interface{})
-	countQuery := h.db.NewSelect().Model(hookCtx.ModelPtr).Table(hookCtx.TableName)
+	countQuery := hookCtx.Tx.NewSelect().Model(hookCtx.ModelPtr).Table(hookCtx.TableName)
 	if hookCtx.Options != nil {
 		for _, filter := range hookCtx.Options.Filters {
 			cond, args := h.buildFilterCondition(filter, hookCtx.Model)
@@ -705,21 +757,15 @@ func (h *Handler) create(hookCtx *HookContext) (interface{}, error) {
 	}
 
 	// Insert record
-	query := h.db.NewInsert().Model(hookCtx.ModelPtr).Table(hookCtx.TableName)
+	query := hookCtx.Tx.NewInsert().Model(hookCtx.ModelPtr).Table(hookCtx.TableName)
 	if _, err := query.Exec(hookCtx.Context); err != nil {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to create record: %w", err)
 	}
 
-	// Re-fetch the created record to capture DB-generated defaults/triggers.
-	if pkVal := reflection.GetPrimaryKeyValue(hookCtx.ModelPtr); pkVal != nil {
-		hookCtx.ID = fmt.Sprintf("%v", pkVal)
-		return h.readByID(hookCtx)
-	}
-
 	return hookCtx.ModelPtr, nil
 }
 
-func (h *Handler) update(hookCtx *HookContext) (interface{}, error) {
+func (h *Handler) update(hookCtx *HookContext) error {
 	// Convert request data to a map
 	var updates map[string]interface{}
 	if m, ok := hookCtx.Data.(map[string]interface{}); ok {
@@ -727,10 +773,10 @@ func (h *Handler) update(hookCtx *HookContext) (interface{}, error) {
 	} else {
 		dataBytes, err := json.Marshal(hookCtx.Data)
 		if err != nil {
-			return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to marshal data: %w", err)
+			return fmt.Errorf("failed to marshal data: %w", err)
 		}
 		if err := json.Unmarshal(dataBytes, &updates); err != nil {
-			return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to unmarshal data into map: %w", err)
+			return fmt.Errorf("failed to unmarshal data into map: %w", err)
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -741,20 +787,19 @@ func (h *Handler) update(hookCtx *HookContext) (interface{}, error) {
 	values := common.MergeUpdateValues(make(map[string]interface{}, len(updates)), updates, h.disallowNulls)
 
 	if len(values) > 0 {
-		query := h.db.NewUpdate().Table(hookCtx.TableName).SetMap(values).
+		query := hookCtx.Tx.NewUpdate().Table(hookCtx.TableName).SetMap(values).
 			Where(fmt.Sprintf("%s = ?", common.QuoteIdent(pkName)), hookCtx.ID)
 
 		if _, err := query.Exec(hookCtx.Context); err != nil {
-			return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to update record: %w", err)
+			return fmt.Errorf("failed to update record: %w", err)
 		}
 	}
 
-	// Fetch updated record
+	return nil
-	return h.readByID(hookCtx)
 }
 
 func (h *Handler) delete(hookCtx *HookContext) error {
-	query := h.db.NewDelete().Model(hookCtx.ModelPtr).Table(hookCtx.TableName)
+	query := hookCtx.Tx.NewDelete().Model(hookCtx.ModelPtr).Table(hookCtx.TableName)
 
 	// Add ID filter
 	pkName := reflection.GetPrimaryKeyName(hookCtx.Model)
@@ -966,6 +1011,11 @@ func (h *Handler) getOperatorSQL(operator string) string {
 // FetchRowNumber calculates the row number of a specific record based on sorting and filtering
 // Returns the 1-based row number of the record with the given primary key value
 func (h *Handler) FetchRowNumber(ctx context.Context, tableName string, pkName string, pkValue string, options *common.RequestOptions, model interface{}) (int64, error) {
+	return h.fetchRowNumber(ctx, h.db, tableName, pkName, pkValue, options, model)
+}
+
+// fetchRowNumber is FetchRowNumber on the given database or transaction.
+func (h *Handler) fetchRowNumber(ctx context.Context, db common.Database, tableName string, pkName string, pkValue string, options *common.RequestOptions, model interface{}) (int64, error) {
 	defer func() {
 		if r := recover(); r != nil {
 			logger.Error("[WebSocketSpec] Panic during FetchRowNumber: %v", r)
@@ -1033,7 +1083,7 @@ func (h *Handler) FetchRowNumber(ctx context.Context, tableName string, pkName s
 	var result []struct {
 		RN int64 `bun:"rn"`
 	}
-	err := h.db.Query(ctx, &result, queryStr, whereArgs...)
+	err := db.Query(ctx, &result, queryStr, whereArgs...)
 	if err != nil {
 		return 0, fmt.Errorf("failed to fetch row number: %w", err)
 	}

pkg/websocketspec/hooks.go

@@ -64,6 +64,13 @@ const (
 	// Unlike BeforeHandle, which fires once before operation dispatch, BeforeOp fires at each
 	// individual SQL-operation hook point, so it runs once per statement executed.
 	BeforeOp HookType = "before_op"
+
+	// OnTxBegin fires once, first, inside every transaction the handler opens for a
+	// read/create/update/delete message (including the second short transaction for
+	// post-commit work). hookCtx.Tx is the transaction; use it to stamp
+	// transaction-local state such as RLS settings. An error or abort rolls the
+	// transaction back.
+	OnTxBegin HookType = common.TxHookName
 )
 
 // HookContext contains context information for hook execution
@@ -128,6 +135,9 @@ type HookContext struct {
 	Metadata map[string]interface{}
 }
 
+// SetTx points the context at the transaction in use (common.TxContext).
+func (c *HookContext) SetTx(tx common.Database) { c.Tx = tx }
+
 // HookFunc is a function that processes a hook
 type HookFunc func(*HookContext) error
 

pkg/websocketspec/tx_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,173 @@
+package websocketspec
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"errors"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/DATA-DOG/go-sqlmock"
+
+	"github.com/bitechdev/ResolveSpec/pkg/common"
+	"github.com/bitechdev/ResolveSpec/pkg/common/adapters/database"
+	"github.com/bitechdev/ResolveSpec/pkg/modelregistry"
+)
+
+type txItem struct {
+	ID   int    `json:"id" bun:"id,pk"`
+	Name string `json:"name" bun:"name"`
+}
+
+func newTxHarness(t *testing.T) (*Handler, sqlmock.Sqlmock, *Connection, *HookContext) {
+	t.Helper()
+	db, mock, err := sqlmock.New()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	// One connection: any statement that bypasses the transaction while it is
+	// open cannot get a connection and fails on the context timeout.
+	db.SetMaxOpenConns(1)
+	t.Cleanup(func() { _ = db.Close() })
+	h := NewHandler(database.NewPgSQLAdapter(db), modelregistry.NewModelRegistry())
+	conn := NewConnection("c1", nil, h)
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 2*time.Second)
+	t.Cleanup(cancel)
+	hookCtx := &HookContext{
+		Context:   ctx,
+		Handler:   h,
+		Schema:    "public",
+		Entity:    "items",
+		TableName: "public.items",
+		Model:     txItem{},
+		ModelPtr:  &txItem{},
+		ID:        "7",
+		Tx:        h.db,
+		Metadata:  map[string]interface{}{},
+	}
+	return h, mock, conn, hookCtx
+}
+
+func response(t *testing.T, conn *Connection) ResponseMessage {
+	t.Helper()
+	select {
+	case raw := <-conn.send:
+		var resp ResponseMessage
+		if err := json.Unmarshal(raw, &resp); err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+		return resp
+	default:
+		t.Fatal("no response sent")
+		return ResponseMessage{}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestDeleteRunsHooksAndDeleteInOneTransaction(t *testing.T) {
+	h, mock, conn, hookCtx := newTxHarness(t)
+	var order []string
+	var txs []common.Database
+	h.Hooks().Register(OnTxBegin, func(c *HookContext) error {
+		order = append(order, "begin")
+		txs = append(txs, c.Tx)
+		return nil
+	})
+	h.Hooks().Register(BeforeDelete, func(c *HookContext) error {
+		order = append(order, "before")
+		return nil
+	})
+	h.Hooks().Register(AfterDelete, func(c *HookContext) error {
+		order = append(order, "after")
+		return nil
+	})
+
+	mock.ExpectBegin()
+	mock.ExpectExec(`DELETE FROM`).WillReturnResult(sqlmock.NewResult(0, 1))
+	mock.ExpectCommit()
+
+	h.handleDelete(conn, &Message{ID: "m1"}, hookCtx)
+
+	if err := mock.ExpectationsWereMet(); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if !response(t, conn).Success {
+		t.Fatal("expected success")
+	}
+	if len(txs) != 1 || txs[0] == h.db || len(order) != 3 || order[0] != "begin" {
+		t.Fatalf("OnTxBegin must fire once, first, on the transaction: %v", order)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestUpdateRefetchAndAfterHookRunInSecondTransaction(t *testing.T) {
+	h, mock, conn, hookCtx := newTxHarness(t)
+	hookCtx.Data = map[string]interface{}{"name": "b"}
+	var begins []common.Database
+	var afterTx common.Database
+	h.Hooks().Register(OnTxBegin, func(c *HookContext) error {
+		begins = append(begins, c.Tx)
+		return nil
+	})
+	h.Hooks().Register(AfterUpdate, func(c *HookContext) error {
+		afterTx = c.Tx
+		return nil
+	})
+
+	mock.ExpectBegin()
+	mock.ExpectExec(`UPDATE`).WillReturnResult(sqlmock.NewResult(0, 1))
+	mock.ExpectCommit()
+	mock.ExpectBegin()
+	mock.ExpectQuery(`SELECT`).WillReturnRows(sqlmock.NewRows([]string{"id", "name"}).AddRow(7, "b"))
+	mock.ExpectCommit()
+
+	h.handleUpdate(conn, &Message{ID: "m1"}, hookCtx)
+
+	if err := mock.ExpectationsWereMet(); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if !response(t, conn).Success {
+		t.Fatal("expected success")
+	}
+	if len(begins) != 2 || begins[0] == begins[1] || afterTx != begins[1] {
+		t.Fatalf("OnTxBegin must fire per transaction and AfterUpdate run on the second, got %d", len(begins))
+	}
+}
+
+func TestReadRunsInOneTransaction(t *testing.T) {
+	h, mock, conn, hookCtx := newTxHarness(t)
+	var beforeTx common.Database
+	h.Hooks().Register(BeforeRead, func(c *HookContext) error {
+		beforeTx = c.Tx
+		return nil
+	})
+
+	mock.ExpectBegin()
+	mock.ExpectQuery(`SELECT`).WillReturnRows(sqlmock.NewRows([]string{"id", "name"}).AddRow(7, "a"))
+	mock.ExpectCommit()
+
+	h.handleRead(conn, &Message{ID: "m1"}, hookCtx)
+
+	if err := mock.ExpectationsWereMet(); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if !response(t, conn).Success || beforeTx == nil || beforeTx == h.db {
+		t.Fatal("BeforeRead must run on the transaction")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestOnTxBeginErrorRollsBackWithoutDetail(t *testing.T) {
+	h, mock, conn, hookCtx := newTxHarness(t)
+	h.Hooks().Register(OnTxBegin, func(c *HookContext) error { return errors.New("secret detail") })
+
+	mock.ExpectBegin()
+	mock.ExpectRollback()
+
+	h.handleDelete(conn, &Message{ID: "m1"}, hookCtx)
+
+	if err := mock.ExpectationsWereMet(); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	resp := response(t, conn)
+	if resp.Success || resp.Error == nil || resp.Error.Code != "transaction_error" || resp.Error.Message != "Transaction failed" {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected response %+v", resp)
+	}
+}