feat(security): add program user ID and table to user context

* Add support for BETWEEN-aware AND detection
* Ensure AND inside single-quoted strings does not cause splits
* Update tests to cover new BETWEEN and quote scenarios

pkg/common/adapters/database/bun.go

@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ func (h *QueryDebugHook) AfterQuery(ctx context.Context, event *bun.QueryEvent)
 // This helps identify which specific field is causing scanning issues
 func debugScanIntoStruct(rows interface{}, dest interface{}) error {
 	v := reflect.ValueOf(dest)
-	if v.Kind() != reflect.Ptr {
+	if v.Kind() != reflect.Pointer {
 		return fmt.Errorf("dest must be a pointer")
 	}
 
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ func debugScanIntoStruct(rows interface{}, dest interface{}) error {
 		logger.Debug("  Slice element type: %s", elemType)
 
 		// If slice of pointers, get the underlying type
-		if elemType.Kind() == reflect.Ptr {
+		if elemType.Kind() == reflect.Pointer {
 			structType = elemType.Elem()
 		} else {
 			structType = elemType
@@ -747,7 +747,7 @@ func checkIfRelationAlreadyLoaded(parents reflect.Value, relationName string) (r
 
 	// Get the first parent to check the relation field
 	firstParent := parents.Index(0)
-	if firstParent.Kind() == reflect.Ptr {
+	if firstParent.Kind() == reflect.Pointer {
 		firstParent = firstParent.Elem()
 	}
 
@@ -762,7 +762,7 @@ func checkIfRelationAlreadyLoaded(parents reflect.Value, relationName string) (r
 		// Check if any parent has a non-empty slice
 		for i := 0; i < parents.Len(); i++ {
 			parent := parents.Index(i)
-			if parent.Kind() == reflect.Ptr {
+			if parent.Kind() == reflect.Pointer {
 				parent = parent.Elem()
 			}
 			field := parent.FieldByName(relationName)
@@ -771,7 +771,7 @@ func checkIfRelationAlreadyLoaded(parents reflect.Value, relationName string) (r
 				allRelated := reflect.MakeSlice(field.Type(), 0, field.Len()*parents.Len())
 				for j := 0; j < parents.Len(); j++ {
 					p := parents.Index(j)
-					if p.Kind() == reflect.Ptr {
+					if p.Kind() == reflect.Pointer {
 						p = p.Elem()
 					}
 					f := p.FieldByName(relationName)
@@ -784,7 +784,7 @@ func checkIfRelationAlreadyLoaded(parents reflect.Value, relationName string) (r
 				return allRelated, true
 			}
 		}
-	} else if relationField.Kind() == reflect.Ptr {
+	} else if relationField.Kind() == reflect.Pointer {
 		// Check if it's a pointer (has-one/belongs-to)
 		if !relationField.IsNil() {
 			// Already loaded! Collect all related records from all parents
@@ -792,7 +792,7 @@ func checkIfRelationAlreadyLoaded(parents reflect.Value, relationName string) (r
 			allRelated := reflect.MakeSlice(reflect.SliceOf(relatedType), 0, parents.Len())
 			for j := 0; j < parents.Len(); j++ {
 				p := parents.Index(j)
-				if p.Kind() == reflect.Ptr {
+				if p.Kind() == reflect.Pointer {
 					p = p.Elem()
 				}
 				f := p.FieldByName(relationName)
@@ -816,7 +816,7 @@ func (b *BunSelectQuery) loadCustomPreloads(ctx context.Context) error {
 
 	// Get the actual data from the model
 	modelValue := reflect.ValueOf(model.Value())
-	if modelValue.Kind() == reflect.Ptr {
+	if modelValue.Kind() == reflect.Pointer {
 		modelValue = modelValue.Elem()
 	}
 
@@ -884,7 +884,7 @@ func (b *BunSelectQuery) loadRelationLevel(ctx context.Context, parentRecords re
 
 	// Get the first record to inspect the struct type
 	firstRecord := parentRecords.Index(0)
-	if firstRecord.Kind() == reflect.Ptr {
+	if firstRecord.Kind() == reflect.Pointer {
 		firstRecord = firstRecord.Elem()
 	}
 
@@ -930,7 +930,7 @@ func (b *BunSelectQuery) loadRelationLevel(ctx context.Context, parentRecords re
 	if isSlice {
 		relatedType = relatedType.Elem()
 	}
-	if relatedType.Kind() == reflect.Ptr {
+	if relatedType.Kind() == reflect.Pointer {
 		relatedType = relatedType.Elem()
 	}
 
@@ -1018,7 +1018,7 @@ func extractForeignKeyValues(records reflect.Value, fkFieldName string) ([]inter
 
 	for i := 0; i < records.Len(); i++ {
 		record := records.Index(i)
-		if record.Kind() == reflect.Ptr {
+		if record.Kind() == reflect.Pointer {
 			record = record.Elem()
 		}
 
@@ -1083,7 +1083,7 @@ func associateRelatedRecords(parents, related reflect.Value, fieldName string, r
 	for i := 0; i < related.Len(); i++ {
 		relRecord := related.Index(i)
 		relRecordElem := relRecord
-		if relRecordElem.Kind() == reflect.Ptr {
+		if relRecordElem.Kind() == reflect.Pointer {
 			relRecordElem = relRecordElem.Elem()
 		}
 
@@ -1109,7 +1109,7 @@ func associateRelatedRecords(parents, related reflect.Value, fieldName string, r
 	for i := 0; i < parents.Len(); i++ {
 		parentPtr := parents.Index(i)
 		parent := parentPtr
-		if parent.Kind() == reflect.Ptr {
+		if parent.Kind() == reflect.Pointer {
 			parent = parent.Elem()
 		}
 
@@ -1332,11 +1332,11 @@ func (b *BunSelectQuery) ScanModel(ctx context.Context) (err error) {
 				modelInfo = fmt.Sprintf("Model type: %T", modelValue)
 
 				v := reflect.ValueOf(modelValue)
-				if v.Kind() == reflect.Ptr {
+				if v.Kind() == reflect.Pointer {
 					v = v.Elem()
 				}
 				if v.Kind() == reflect.Slice {
-					if v.Type().Elem().Kind() == reflect.Ptr {
+					if v.Type().Elem().Kind() == reflect.Pointer {
 						modelInfo += fmt.Sprintf(", Slice of: %s", v.Type().Elem().Elem().Name())
 					} else {
 						modelInfo += fmt.Sprintf(", Slice of: %s", v.Type().Elem().Name())

pkg/common/adapters/database/gorm.go

@@ -800,7 +800,7 @@ func (g *GormInsertQuery) Scan(ctx context.Context, dest interface{}) (err error
 		col := g.returningColumns[0]
 		if g.model != nil {
 			val := reflect.ValueOf(g.model)
-			if val.Kind() == reflect.Ptr {
+			if val.Kind() == reflect.Pointer {
 				val = val.Elem()
 			}
 			if val.Kind() == reflect.Struct {

pkg/common/adapters/database/pgsql.go

@@ -1195,7 +1195,7 @@ func (p *PgSQLSelectQuery) applySubqueryPreloads(ctx context.Context, dest inter
 
 	// Use reflection to process the destination
 	destValue := reflect.ValueOf(dest)
-	if destValue.Kind() != reflect.Ptr {
+	if destValue.Kind() != reflect.Pointer {
 		return fmt.Errorf("dest must be a pointer")
 	}
 
@@ -1222,7 +1222,7 @@ func (p *PgSQLSelectQuery) applySubqueryPreloads(ctx context.Context, dest inter
 
 // loadPreloadsForRecord loads all preload relationships for a single record
 func (p *PgSQLSelectQuery) loadPreloadsForRecord(ctx context.Context, record reflect.Value, preloads []preloadConfig) error {
-	if record.Kind() == reflect.Ptr {
+	if record.Kind() == reflect.Pointer {
 		if record.IsNil() {
 			return nil
 		}
@@ -1299,7 +1299,7 @@ func (p *PgSQLSelectQuery) executePreloadQuery(ctx context.Context, field reflec
 	} else {
 		// Single struct - create a pointer if needed
 		var target reflect.Value
-		if field.Kind() == reflect.Ptr {
+		if field.Kind() == reflect.Pointer {
 			target = reflect.New(field.Type().Elem())
 		} else {
 			target = reflect.New(field.Type())
@@ -1312,7 +1312,7 @@ func (p *PgSQLSelectQuery) executePreloadQuery(ctx context.Context, field reflec
 		}
 
 		// Set the field
-		if field.Kind() == reflect.Ptr {
+		if field.Kind() == reflect.Pointer {
 			field.Set(target)
 		} else {
 			field.Set(target.Elem())
@@ -1329,7 +1329,7 @@ func (p *PgSQLSelectQuery) getRelationMetadata(fieldName string) *relationMetada
 	}
 
 	modelType := reflect.TypeOf(p.model)
-	if modelType.Kind() == reflect.Ptr {
+	if modelType.Kind() == reflect.Pointer {
 		modelType = modelType.Elem()
 	}
 
@@ -1378,7 +1378,7 @@ func (p *PgSQLSelectQuery) getRelationMetadataFromField(modelType reflect.Type,
 	if fieldType.Kind() == reflect.Slice {
 		fieldType = fieldType.Elem()
 	}
-	if fieldType.Kind() == reflect.Ptr {
+	if fieldType.Kind() == reflect.Pointer {
 		fieldType = fieldType.Elem()
 	}
 
@@ -1411,7 +1411,7 @@ func scanRows(rows *sql.Rows, dest interface{}) error {
 
 	// Get destination type
 	destValue := reflect.ValueOf(dest)
-	if destValue.Kind() != reflect.Ptr {
+	if destValue.Kind() != reflect.Pointer {
 		return fmt.Errorf("dest must be a pointer")
 	}
 
@@ -1466,7 +1466,7 @@ func scanRowsToMapSlice(rows *sql.Rows, columns []string, destValue reflect.Valu
 // scanRowsToStructSlice scans rows into a slice of structs
 func scanRowsToStructSlice(rows *sql.Rows, columns []string, destValue reflect.Value) error {
 	elemType := destValue.Type().Elem()
-	isPtr := elemType.Kind() == reflect.Ptr
+	isPtr := elemType.Kind() == reflect.Pointer
 
 	if isPtr {
 		elemType = elemType.Elem()

pkg/common/adapters/database/query_metrics.go

@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ func entityNameFromModel(model interface{}, table string) string {
 	}
 
 	modelType := reflect.TypeOf(model)
-	for modelType != nil && (modelType.Kind() == reflect.Ptr || modelType.Kind() == reflect.Slice || modelType.Kind() == reflect.Array) {
+	for modelType != nil && (modelType.Kind() == reflect.Pointer || modelType.Kind() == reflect.Slice || modelType.Kind() == reflect.Array) {
 		modelType = modelType.Elem()
 	}
 
@@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ func tableNameProviderFromModel(model interface{}) (common.TableNameProvider, bo
 	}
 
 	modelType := reflect.TypeOf(model)
-	for modelType != nil && (modelType.Kind() == reflect.Ptr || modelType.Kind() == reflect.Slice || modelType.Kind() == reflect.Array) {
+	for modelType != nil && (modelType.Kind() == reflect.Pointer || modelType.Kind() == reflect.Slice || modelType.Kind() == reflect.Array) {
 		modelType = modelType.Elem()
 	}
 

pkg/common/adapters/router/mux.go

@@ -174,7 +174,9 @@ func (h *HTTPResponseWriter) Write(data []byte) (int, error) {
 
 func (h *HTTPResponseWriter) WriteJSON(data interface{}) error {
 	h.SetHeader("Content-Type", "application/json")
-	return json.NewEncoder(h.resp).Encode(data)
+	enc := json.NewEncoder(h.resp)
+	enc.SetEscapeHTML(false)
+	return enc.Encode(data)
 }
 
 // UnderlyingResponseWriter returns the underlying http.ResponseWriter

pkg/common/handler_utils.go

@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ func ValidateAndUnwrapModel(model interface{}) (*ValidateAndUnwrapModelResult, e
 	originalType := modelType
 
 	// Unwrap pointers, slices, and arrays to get to the base struct type
-	for modelType != nil && (modelType.Kind() == reflect.Ptr || modelType.Kind() == reflect.Slice || modelType.Kind() == reflect.Array) {
+	for modelType != nil && (modelType.Kind() == reflect.Pointer || modelType.Kind() == reflect.Slice || modelType.Kind() == reflect.Array) {
 		modelType = modelType.Elem()
 	}
 
@@ -126,15 +126,15 @@ func GetRelationshipInfo(modelType reflect.Type, relationName string) *Relations
 				// Get related model type
 				if field.Type.Kind() == reflect.Slice {
 					elemType := field.Type.Elem()
-					if elemType.Kind() == reflect.Ptr {
+					if elemType.Kind() == reflect.Pointer {
 						elemType = elemType.Elem()
 					}
 					if elemType.Kind() == reflect.Struct {
 						info.RelatedModel = reflect.New(elemType).Elem().Interface()
 					}
-				} else if field.Type.Kind() == reflect.Ptr || field.Type.Kind() == reflect.Struct {
+				} else if field.Type.Kind() == reflect.Pointer || field.Type.Kind() == reflect.Struct {
 					elemType := field.Type
-					if elemType.Kind() == reflect.Ptr {
+					if elemType.Kind() == reflect.Pointer {
 						elemType = elemType.Elem()
 					}
 					if elemType.Kind() == reflect.Struct {
@@ -155,16 +155,16 @@ func GetRelationshipInfo(modelType reflect.Type, relationName string) *Relations
 					info.RelationType = "hasMany"
 					// Get the element type for slice
 					elemType := field.Type.Elem()
-					if elemType.Kind() == reflect.Ptr {
+					if elemType.Kind() == reflect.Pointer {
 						elemType = elemType.Elem()
 					}
 					if elemType.Kind() == reflect.Struct {
 						info.RelatedModel = reflect.New(elemType).Elem().Interface()
 					}
-				} else if field.Type.Kind() == reflect.Ptr || field.Type.Kind() == reflect.Struct {
+				} else if field.Type.Kind() == reflect.Pointer || field.Type.Kind() == reflect.Struct {
 					info.RelationType = "belongsTo"
 					elemType := field.Type
-					if elemType.Kind() == reflect.Ptr {
+					if elemType.Kind() == reflect.Pointer {
 						elemType = elemType.Elem()
 					}
 					if elemType.Kind() == reflect.Struct {
@@ -177,7 +177,7 @@ func GetRelationshipInfo(modelType reflect.Type, relationName string) *Relations
 				// Get the element type for many2many (always slice)
 				if field.Type.Kind() == reflect.Slice {
 					elemType := field.Type.Elem()
-					if elemType.Kind() == reflect.Ptr {
+					if elemType.Kind() == reflect.Pointer {
 						elemType = elemType.Elem()
 					}
 					if elemType.Kind() == reflect.Struct {
@@ -239,7 +239,7 @@ func GetTableNameFromModel(model interface{}) string {
 	modelType := reflect.TypeOf(model)
 
 	// Unwrap pointers
-	for modelType != nil && modelType.Kind() == reflect.Ptr {
+	for modelType != nil && modelType.Kind() == reflect.Pointer {
 		modelType = modelType.Elem()
 	}
 

pkg/common/interfaces.go

@@ -178,7 +178,9 @@ func (s *StandardResponseWriter) Write(data []byte) (int, error) {
 
 func (s *StandardResponseWriter) WriteJSON(data interface{}) error {
 	s.SetHeader("Content-Type", "application/json")
-	return json.NewEncoder(s.w).Encode(data)
+	enc := json.NewEncoder(s.w)
+	enc.SetEscapeHTML(false)
+	return enc.Encode(data)
 }
 
 func (s *StandardResponseWriter) UnderlyingResponseWriter() http.ResponseWriter {

pkg/common/recursive_crud.go

@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ func (p *NestedCUDProcessor) ProcessNestedCUD(
 
 	// Get model type for reflection
 	modelType := reflect.TypeOf(model)
-	for modelType != nil && (modelType.Kind() == reflect.Ptr || modelType.Kind() == reflect.Slice || modelType.Kind() == reflect.Array) {
+	for modelType != nil && (modelType.Kind() == reflect.Pointer || modelType.Kind() == reflect.Slice || modelType.Kind() == reflect.Array) {
 		modelType = modelType.Elem()
 	}
 
@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ func (p *NestedCUDProcessor) ProcessNestedCUD(
 
 	// Process based on operation
 	switch strings.ToLower(operation) {
-	case "insert", "create":
+	case "insert", "create", "add":
 		// Only perform insert if we have data to insert
 		if hasData {
 			id, err := p.processInsert(ctx, regularData, tableName)
@@ -141,7 +141,7 @@ func (p *NestedCUDProcessor) ProcessNestedCUD(
 			logger.Debug("Skipping insert for %s - no data columns besides _request", tableName)
 		}
 
-	case "update", "change":
+	case "update", "change", "modify":
 		// Only perform update if we have data to update
 		if reflection.IsEmptyValue(data[pkName]) {
 			logger.Warn("Skipping update for %s - no primary key", tableName)
@@ -174,7 +174,7 @@ func (p *NestedCUDProcessor) ProcessNestedCUD(
 			result.ID = data[pkName]
 		}
 
-	case "delete":
+	case "delete", "remove":
 		if reflection.IsEmptyValue(data[pkName]) {
 			logger.Warn("Skipping delete for %s - no primary key", tableName)
 			return result, nil
@@ -224,7 +224,7 @@ func (p *NestedCUDProcessor) filterValidFields(data map[string]interface{}, mode
 	}
 
 	modelType := reflect.TypeOf(model)
-	for modelType != nil && (modelType.Kind() == reflect.Ptr || modelType.Kind() == reflect.Slice || modelType.Kind() == reflect.Array) {
+	for modelType != nil && (modelType.Kind() == reflect.Pointer || modelType.Kind() == reflect.Slice || modelType.Kind() == reflect.Array) {
 		modelType = modelType.Elem()
 	}
 
@@ -410,7 +410,7 @@ func (p *NestedCUDProcessor) processChildRelations(
 		if relatedModelType.Kind() == reflect.Slice {
 			relatedModelType = relatedModelType.Elem()
 		}
-		if relatedModelType.Kind() == reflect.Ptr {
+		if relatedModelType.Kind() == reflect.Pointer {
 			relatedModelType = relatedModelType.Elem()
 		}
 
@@ -471,13 +471,17 @@ func (p *NestedCUDProcessor) processChildRelations(
 		// Priority: Use foreign key field name if specified
 		var foreignKeyFieldName string
 		if relInfo.ForeignKey != "" {
-			// Get the JSON name for the foreign key field in the child model
+			// For has-many/has-one: join:parentCol=childCol
-			foreignKeyFieldName = reflection.GetJSONNameForField(relatedModelType, relInfo.ForeignKey)
+			// ForeignKey = parent side, References = child side (where we actually set the value)
-			if foreignKeyFieldName == "" {
+			childField := relInfo.ForeignKey
-				// Fallback to lowercase field name
+			if (relInfo.RelationType == "hasMany" || relInfo.RelationType == "hasOne") && relInfo.References != "" {
-				foreignKeyFieldName = strings.ToLower(relInfo.ForeignKey)
+				childField = relInfo.References
 			}
-			logger.Debug("Using foreign key field for direct assignment: %s (from FK %s)", foreignKeyFieldName, relInfo.ForeignKey)
+			foreignKeyFieldName = reflection.GetJSONNameForField(relatedModelType, childField)
+			if foreignKeyFieldName == "" {
+				foreignKeyFieldName = strings.ToLower(childField)
+			}
+			logger.Debug("Using foreign key field for direct assignment: %s (from FK %s -> child %s)", foreignKeyFieldName, relInfo.ForeignKey, childField)
 		}
 
 		// Get the primary key name for the child model to avoid overwriting it in recursive relationships
@@ -586,7 +590,7 @@ func shouldUseNestedProcessorDepth(data map[string]interface{}, model interface{
 
 	// Get model type
 	modelType := reflect.TypeOf(model)
-	for modelType != nil && (modelType.Kind() == reflect.Ptr || modelType.Kind() == reflect.Slice || modelType.Kind() == reflect.Array) {
+	for modelType != nil && (modelType.Kind() == reflect.Pointer || modelType.Kind() == reflect.Slice || modelType.Kind() == reflect.Array) {
 		modelType = modelType.Elem()
 	}
 

pkg/common/recursive_crud_test.go

@@ -713,6 +713,220 @@ func TestInjectForeignKeys(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
+// Models for asymmetric join column tests (mirrors the bun has-many join:parentCol=childCol pattern).
+// ActionOption has-many ActionOptionLinks via join:rid_actionoption=rid_actionoption_child.
+// The child column ("rid_actionoption_child") differs from the parent column ("rid_actionoption").
+type ActionOption struct {
+	RidActionoption int64               `json:"rid_actionoption" bun:"rid_actionoption,pk"`
+	Label           string              `json:"label"`
+	Links           []*ActionOptionLink `json:"aol_rid_actionoption_child,omitempty"`
+}
+
+func (a ActionOption) TableName() string { return "action_options" }
+func (a ActionOption) GetIDName() string { return "RidActionoption" }
+
+type ActionOptionLink struct {
+	RidActionoptionlink  int64  `json:"rid_actionoptionlink" bun:"rid_actionoptionlink,pk"`
+	RidActionoptionChild int64  `json:"rid_actionoption_child" bun:"rid_actionoption_child"`
+	Label                string `json:"label"`
+	// Note: no field named "rid_actionoption" — that is the parent's column.
+}
+
+func (a ActionOptionLink) TableName() string { return "action_option_links" }
+func (a ActionOptionLink) GetIDName() string { return "RidActionoptionlink" }
+
+// TestProcessNestedCUD_AsymmetricJoinColumns verifies that for a has-many relation with
+// join:parentCol=childCol, the child rows are stamped with the child-side column (References),
+// not the parent-side column (ForeignKey).
+func TestProcessNestedCUD_AsymmetricJoinColumns(t *testing.T) {
+	db := newMockDatabase()
+	registry := &mockModelRegistry{}
+	relProvider := newMockRelationshipProvider()
+
+	// Mirrors: bun:"rel:has-many,join:rid_actionoption=rid_actionoption_child"
+	relProvider.RegisterRelation("ActionOption", "aol_rid_actionoption_child", &RelationshipInfo{
+		FieldName:    "Links",
+		JSONName:     "aol_rid_actionoption_child",
+		RelationType: "hasMany",
+		ForeignKey:   "rid_actionoption",       // parent-side column (left of join:)
+		References:   "rid_actionoption_child", // child-side column (right of join:)
+		RelatedModel: ActionOptionLink{},
+	})
+
+	processor := NewNestedCUDProcessor(db, registry, relProvider)
+
+	data := map[string]interface{}{
+		"label": "option-a",
+		"aol_rid_actionoption_child": []interface{}{
+			map[string]interface{}{"label": "link-1"},
+		},
+	}
+
+	_, err := processor.ProcessNestedCUD(
+		context.Background(),
+		"insert",
+		data,
+		ActionOption{},
+		nil,
+		"action_options",
+	)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("ProcessNestedCUD failed: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	if len(db.insertCalls) < 2 {
+		t.Fatalf("Expected at least 2 insert calls (parent + child), got %d", len(db.insertCalls))
+	}
+
+	childInsert := db.insertCalls[1]
+
+	// The fix: child must receive "rid_actionoption_child", NOT "rid_actionoption".
+	if childInsert["rid_actionoption_child"] == nil {
+		t.Error("Expected child to have rid_actionoption_child set (child-side FK column)")
+	}
+	if childInsert["rid_actionoption"] != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Child must not receive parent-side column rid_actionoption, got %v", childInsert["rid_actionoption"])
+	}
+}
+
+// TestProcessNestedCUD_BelongsToUnchanged verifies that the fix does not regress belongsTo
+// relations, where ForeignKey is already the local (child) column.
+func TestProcessNestedCUD_BelongsToUnchanged(t *testing.T) {
+	db := newMockDatabase()
+	registry := &mockModelRegistry{}
+	relProvider := newMockRelationshipProvider()
+
+	// For belongsTo, ForeignKey is the column on the child; References is on the parent.
+	// The old and new code must behave identically here.
+	relProvider.RegisterRelation("Employee", "department", &RelationshipInfo{
+		FieldName:    "Department",
+		JSONName:     "department",
+		RelationType: "belongsTo",
+		ForeignKey:   "DepartmentID", // child's own column
+		References:   "ID",           // parent's PK
+		RelatedModel: Department{},
+	})
+	relProvider.RegisterRelation("Department", "employees", &RelationshipInfo{
+		FieldName:    "Employees",
+		JSONName:     "employees",
+		RelationType: "has_many",
+		ForeignKey:   "DepartmentID",
+		RelatedModel: Employee{},
+	})
+
+	processor := NewNestedCUDProcessor(db, registry, relProvider)
+
+	data := map[string]interface{}{
+		"name": "Engineering",
+		"employees": []interface{}{
+			map[string]interface{}{"name": "Alice"},
+		},
+	}
+
+	_, err := processor.ProcessNestedCUD(
+		context.Background(),
+		"insert",
+		data,
+		Department{},
+		nil,
+		"departments",
+	)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("ProcessNestedCUD failed: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	if len(db.insertCalls) < 2 {
+		t.Fatalf("Expected at least 2 inserts, got %d", len(db.insertCalls))
+	}
+
+	// Employees relation uses has_many (old-style) so it goes through the parentIDs injection path,
+	// not the foreignKeyFieldName path. Just confirm no panic and employee is inserted.
+	if db.insertCalls[0]["name"] != "Engineering" {
+		t.Errorf("Expected department name 'Engineering', got %v", db.insertCalls[0]["name"])
+	}
+}
+
+func TestProcessNestedCUD_AddAlias(t *testing.T) {
+	db := newMockDatabase()
+	registry := &mockModelRegistry{}
+	relProvider := newMockRelationshipProvider()
+
+	processor := NewNestedCUDProcessor(db, registry, relProvider)
+
+	data := map[string]interface{}{
+		"_request": "add",
+		"name":     "New Department",
+	}
+
+	result, err := processor.ProcessNestedCUD(context.Background(), "insert", data, Department{}, nil, "departments")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("ProcessNestedCUD with _request=add failed: %v", err)
+	}
+	if result.ID == nil {
+		t.Error("Expected result.ID to be set after add")
+	}
+	if len(db.insertCalls) != 1 {
+		t.Errorf("Expected 1 insert call, got %d", len(db.insertCalls))
+	}
+}
+
+func TestProcessNestedCUD_RemoveAlias(t *testing.T) {
+	db := newMockDatabase()
+	registry := &mockModelRegistry{}
+	relProvider := newMockRelationshipProvider()
+
+	processor := NewNestedCUDProcessor(db, registry, relProvider)
+
+	data := map[string]interface{}{
+		"_request": "remove",
+		"ID":       int64(42),
+	}
+
+	_, err := processor.ProcessNestedCUD(context.Background(), "delete", data, Department{}, nil, "departments")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("ProcessNestedCUD with _request=remove failed: %v", err)
+	}
+	if len(db.deleteCalls) != 1 {
+		t.Errorf("Expected 1 delete call, got %d", len(db.deleteCalls))
+	}
+}
+
+func TestProcessNestedCUD_NestedAddRemoveAliases(t *testing.T) {
+	db := newMockDatabase()
+	registry := &mockModelRegistry{}
+	relProvider := newMockRelationshipProvider()
+
+	relProvider.RegisterRelation("Department", "employees", &RelationshipInfo{
+		FieldName:    "Employees",
+		JSONName:     "employees",
+		RelationType: "has_many",
+		ForeignKey:   "DepartmentID",
+		RelatedModel: Employee{},
+	})
+
+	processor := NewNestedCUDProcessor(db, registry, relProvider)
+
+	data := map[string]interface{}{
+		"ID":   int64(1),
+		"name": "Engineering",
+		"employees": []interface{}{
+			map[string]interface{}{"_request": "add", "name": "Alice"},
+			map[string]interface{}{"_request": "remove", "ID": int64(5)},
+		},
+	}
+
+	_, err := processor.ProcessNestedCUD(context.Background(), "update", data, Department{}, nil, "departments")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("ProcessNestedCUD with nested add/remove failed: %v", err)
+	}
+	if len(db.insertCalls) != 1 {
+		t.Errorf("Expected 1 insert (add alias) for employee, got %d", len(db.insertCalls))
+	}
+	if len(db.deleteCalls) != 1 {
+		t.Errorf("Expected 1 delete (remove alias) for employee, got %d", len(db.deleteCalls))
+	}
+}
+
 func TestGetPrimaryKeyName(t *testing.T) {
 	dept := Department{}
 	pkName := reflection.GetPrimaryKeyName(dept)

pkg/common/sql_helpers.go

@@ -446,18 +446,36 @@ func containsTopLevelOR(clause string) bool {
 	return false
 }
 
-// splitByAND splits a WHERE clause by AND operators (case-insensitive)
+// splitByAND splits a WHERE clause by AND operators (case-insensitive).
-// This is parenthesis-aware and won't split on AND operators inside subqueries
+// It is parenthesis-aware (won't split inside subqueries), quote-aware
+// (won't split on AND inside single-quoted strings), and BETWEEN-aware
+// (won't split on the AND that separates the two operands of BETWEEN x AND y).
 func splitByAND(where string) []string {
 	conditions := []string{}
 	currentCondition := strings.Builder{}
-	depth := 0 // Track parenthesis depth
+	depth := 0 // parenthesis nesting depth
+	inSingleQuote := false
+	afterBetween := false // true after seeing BETWEEN at depth 0; next AND belongs to it
 	i := 0
 
 	for i < len(where) {
 		ch := where[i]
 
-		// Track parenthesis depth
+		// Track single-quote state so we never split on AND inside string literals.
+		if ch == '\'' {
+			inSingleQuote = !inSingleQuote
+			currentCondition.WriteByte(ch)
+			i++
+			continue
+		}
+
+		if inSingleQuote {
+			currentCondition.WriteByte(ch)
+			i++
+			continue
+		}
+
+		// Track parenthesis depth (outside quotes only).
 		if ch == '(' {
 			depth++
 			currentCondition.WriteByte(ch)
@@ -470,32 +488,39 @@ func splitByAND(where string) []string {
 			continue
 		}
 
-		// Only look for AND operators at depth 0 (not inside parentheses)
+		// All keyword checks only apply at depth 0 (not inside subqueries).
 		if depth == 0 {
-			// Check if we're at an AND operator (case-insensitive)
+			// Detect " BETWEEN " (9 chars, case-insensitive) so the very next
-			// We need at least " AND " (5 chars) or " and " (5 chars)
+			// top-level AND is recognised as part of the BETWEEN syntax.
-			if i+5 <= len(where) {
+			if i+9 <= len(where) && strings.ToLower(where[i:i+9]) == " between " {
-				substring := where[i : i+5]
+				afterBetween = true
-				lowerSubstring := strings.ToLower(substring)
+				currentCondition.WriteString(where[i : i+9])
+				i += 9
+				continue
+			}
 
-				if lowerSubstring == " and " {
+			// Detect " AND " (5 chars, case-insensitive).
-					// Found an AND operator at the top level
+			if i+5 <= len(where) && strings.ToLower(where[i:i+5]) == " and " {
-					// Add the current condition to the list
+				if afterBetween {
-					conditions = append(conditions, currentCondition.String())
+					// This AND closes a BETWEEN expression — do NOT split.
-					currentCondition.Reset()
+					afterBetween = false
-					// Skip past the AND operator
+					currentCondition.WriteString(where[i : i+5])
 					i += 5
 					continue
 				}
+				// Regular conjunction — split here.
+				conditions = append(conditions, currentCondition.String())
+				currentCondition.Reset()
+				i += 5
+				continue
 			}
 		}
 
-		// Not an AND operator or we're inside parentheses, just add the character
 		currentCondition.WriteByte(ch)
 		i++
 	}
 
-	// Add the last condition
+	// Add the last condition.
 	if currentCondition.Len() > 0 {
 		conditions = append(conditions, currentCondition.String())
 	}
@@ -614,6 +639,15 @@ func extractTableAndColumn(cond string) (table string, column string) {
 	// Remove any quotes
 	columnRef = strings.Trim(columnRef, "`\"'")
 
+	// If the left side is a parenthesized subquery (starts with '(' and contains SQL keywords),
+	// don't attempt prefix extraction from inside it.
+	if len(columnRef) > 0 && columnRef[0] == '(' {
+		lowerRef := strings.ToLower(columnRef)
+		if strings.Contains(lowerRef, "select ") || strings.Contains(lowerRef, " from ") || strings.Contains(lowerRef, " where ") {
+			return "", ""
+		}
+	}
+
 	// Check if there's a function call (contains opening parenthesis)
 	openParenIdx := strings.Index(columnRef, "(")
 

pkg/common/sql_helpers_test.go

@@ -520,6 +520,38 @@ func TestSplitByAND(t *testing.T) {
 			input:    "a = 1 AND b = 2 AND c = 3 and (select s from generate_series(1,10) s where s < 10 and s > 0 offset 2 limit 1) = 3",
 			expected: []string{"a = 1", "b = 2", "c = 3", "(select s from generate_series(1,10) s where s < 10 and s > 0 offset 2 limit 1) = 3"},
 		},
+		// BETWEEN-aware cases: the AND inside BETWEEN x AND y must not cause a split.
+		{
+			name:     "BETWEEN does not split on its AND",
+			input:    "col between '2025-08-31' and '1970-01-01'",
+			expected: []string{"col between '2025-08-31' and '1970-01-01'"},
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "BETWEEN uppercase AND",
+			input:    "col BETWEEN '2025-08-31' AND '1970-01-01'",
+			expected: []string{"col BETWEEN '2025-08-31' AND '1970-01-01'"},
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "BETWEEN followed by a regular AND conjunction",
+			input:    "col between 1 and 5 and other = 'x'",
+			expected: []string{"col between 1 and 5", "other = 'x'"},
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "two BETWEEN conditions joined by AND",
+			input:    "col1 between 1 and 5 and col2 between 10 and 20",
+			expected: []string{"col1 between 1 and 5", "col2 between 10 and 20"},
+		},
+		{
+			name:  "complex OR block with multiple BETWEENs (real-world case)",
+			input: "tbl.applicationdate between '2025-08-31' and '1970-01-01'\n  or tbl.capturedate between '2025-08-31' and '1970-01-01'\n  or tbl.startdate between '2025-08-31' AND '1970-01-01'",
+			expected: []string{"tbl.applicationdate between '2025-08-31' and '1970-01-01'\n  or tbl.capturedate between '2025-08-31' and '1970-01-01'\n  or tbl.startdate between '2025-08-31' AND '1970-01-01'"},
+		},
+		// Quote-aware cases: AND inside a string literal must not split.
+		{
+			name:     "AND inside single-quoted string is not a split point",
+			input:    "comment = 'this and that' and status = 'active'",
+			expected: []string{"comment = 'this and that'", "status = 'active'"},
+		},
 	}
 
 	for _, tt := range tests {
@@ -917,6 +949,25 @@ where:     "(true AND status = 'active')",
 tableName: "unregistered_table",
 expected:  "(true AND unregistered_table.status = 'active')",
 },
+// BETWEEN regression: date literals inside BETWEEN must not be prefixed as columns.
+{
+name:      "BETWEEN date range - second date must not be prefixed",
+where:     "applicationdate between '2025-08-31' and '1970-01-01'",
+tableName: "unregistered_table",
+expected:  "unregistered_table.applicationdate between '2025-08-31' and '1970-01-01'",
+},
+{
+name:      "Already-prefixed BETWEEN column - unchanged",
+where:     `"v_webui_clients".applicationdate between '2025-08-31' and '1970-01-01'`,
+tableName: "v_webui_clients",
+expected:  `"v_webui_clients".applicationdate between '2025-08-31' and '1970-01-01'`,
+},
+{
+name:      "Complex OR block with multiple BETWEENs - date values must not be prefixed",
+where:     `("v_webui_clients".applicationdate between '2025-08-31' and '1970-01-01' or "v_webui_clients".clientcapturedate between '2025-08-31' and '1970-01-01' or "v_webui_clients".startdate between '2025-08-31' AND '1970-01-01')`,
+tableName: "v_webui_clients",
+expected:  `("v_webui_clients".applicationdate between '2025-08-31' and '1970-01-01' or "v_webui_clients".clientcapturedate between '2025-08-31' and '1970-01-01' or "v_webui_clients".startdate between '2025-08-31' AND '1970-01-01')`,
+},
 }
 
 for _, tt := range tests {

pkg/common/validation.go

@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ func (v *ColumnValidator) buildValidColumns() {
 	modelType := reflect.TypeOf(v.model)
 
 	// Unwrap pointers, slices, and arrays to get to the base struct type
-	for modelType != nil && (modelType.Kind() == reflect.Ptr || modelType.Kind() == reflect.Slice || modelType.Kind() == reflect.Array) {
+	for modelType != nil && (modelType.Kind() == reflect.Pointer || modelType.Kind() == reflect.Slice || modelType.Kind() == reflect.Array) {
 		modelType = modelType.Elem()
 	}
 
@@ -290,7 +290,7 @@ func (v *ColumnValidator) FilterRequestOptions(options RequestOptions) RequestOp
 	// Filter Preload columns
 	validPreloads := make([]PreloadOption, 0, len(options.Preload))
 	modelType := reflect.TypeOf(v.model)
-	if modelType != nil && modelType.Kind() == reflect.Ptr {
+	if modelType != nil && modelType.Kind() == reflect.Pointer {
 		modelType = modelType.Elem()
 	}
 	for idx := range options.Preload {

pkg/funcspec/function_api.go

@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ import (
 
 	"github.com/bitechdev/ResolveSpec/pkg/common"
 	"github.com/bitechdev/ResolveSpec/pkg/logger"
+	"github.com/bitechdev/ResolveSpec/pkg/reflection"
 	"github.com/bitechdev/ResolveSpec/pkg/restheadspec"
 	"github.com/bitechdev/ResolveSpec/pkg/security"
 )
@@ -367,13 +368,17 @@ func (h *Handler) SqlQueryList(sqlquery string, options SqlQueryOptions) HTTPFun
 			}
 
 		case "detail":
-			// Detail format: complex API with metadata
+			// Detail format: { count, fields, items, tablename, tableprefix, total }
+			tableName := r.URL.Path
+			tablePrefix := reflection.ExtractTableNameOnly(tableName)
+			fields := buildDetailFieldsFromRows(dbobjlist)
 			metaobj := map[string]interface{}{
-				"items":       dbobjlist,
 				"count":       fmt.Sprintf("%d", len(dbobjlist)),
+				"fields":      fields,
+				"items":       dbobjlist,
+				"tablename":   tableName,
+				"tableprefix": tablePrefix,
 				"total":       fmt.Sprintf("%d", total),
-				"tablename":   r.URL.Path,
-				"tableprefix": "gsql",
 			}
 			data, err := json.Marshal(metaobj)
 			if err != nil {
@@ -1079,6 +1084,49 @@ func getReplacementForBlankParam(sqlquery, param string) string {
 // 	return result
 // }
 
+// buildDetailFieldsFromRows builds a field metadata list from the column names and value types
+// of a raw SQL result set. Used when no model struct is available (funcspec raw queries).
+func buildDetailFieldsFromRows(rows []map[string]interface{}) []reflection.ModelFieldDetail {
+	if len(rows) == 0 {
+		return []reflection.ModelFieldDetail{}
+	}
+	first := rows[0]
+	fields := make([]reflection.ModelFieldDetail, 0, len(first))
+	for colName, val := range first {
+		dataType := inferGoType(val)
+		fields = append(fields, reflection.ModelFieldDetail{
+			Name:        colName,
+			DataType:    dataType,
+			SQLName:     colName,
+			SQLDataType: "",
+			SQLKey:      "",
+			Nullable:    val == nil,
+		})
+	}
+	return fields
+}
+
+// inferGoType returns a simple type name for a value, used for detail field metadata.
+func inferGoType(val interface{}) string {
+	if val == nil {
+		return "interface{}"
+	}
+	switch val.(type) {
+	case bool:
+		return "bool"
+	case int, int8, int16, int32, int64, uint, uint8, uint16, uint32, uint64:
+		return "int64"
+	case float32, float64:
+		return "float64"
+	case string:
+		return "string"
+	case []byte:
+		return "[]byte"
+	default:
+		return "interface{}"
+	}
+}
+
 // getIPAddress extracts the real IP address from the request
 func getIPAddress(r *http.Request) string {
 	if forwarded := r.Header.Get("X-Forwarded-For"); forwarded != "" {

pkg/funcspec/function_api_test.go

@@ -617,6 +617,91 @@ func TestSqlQueryList(t *testing.T) {
 				}
 			},
 		},
+		{
+			name:        "x-detailapi header returns detail format",
+			sqlQuery:    "SELECT * FROM myschema.myentity",
+			noCount:     false,
+			blankParams: false,
+			allowFilter: false,
+			headers:     map[string]string{"x-detailapi": "true"},
+			setupDB: func() *MockDatabase {
+				return &MockDatabase{
+					RunInTransactionFunc: func(ctx context.Context, fn func(common.Database) error) error {
+						db := &MockDatabase{
+							QueryFunc: func(ctx context.Context, dest interface{}, query string, args ...interface{}) error {
+								if strings.Contains(query, "COUNT") {
+									dest.(*struct{ Count int64 }).Count = 3
+									return nil
+								}
+								*dest.(*[]map[string]interface{}) = []map[string]interface{}{
+									{"id": float64(1), "name": "Alice"},
+									{"id": float64(2), "name": "Bob"},
+									{"id": float64(3), "name": "Carol"},
+								}
+								return nil
+							},
+						}
+						return fn(db)
+					},
+				}
+			},
+			expectedStatus: 200,
+			validateResp: func(t *testing.T, w *httptest.ResponseRecorder) {
+				var resp map[string]json.RawMessage
+				if err := json.Unmarshal(w.Body.Bytes(), &resp); err != nil {
+					t.Fatalf("expected JSON object, got: %s", w.Body.String())
+				}
+
+				for _, key := range []string{"count", "fields", "items", "tablename", "tableprefix", "total"} {
+					if _, ok := resp[key]; !ok {
+						t.Errorf("missing key %q in detail response", key)
+					}
+				}
+
+				var count, total string
+				json.Unmarshal(resp["count"], &count)
+				json.Unmarshal(resp["total"], &total)
+				if count != "3" {
+					t.Errorf("expected count %q, got %q", "3", count)
+				}
+				if total != "3" {
+					t.Errorf("expected total %q, got %q", "3", total)
+				}
+
+				var items []map[string]interface{}
+				if err := json.Unmarshal(resp["items"], &items); err != nil {
+					t.Fatalf("items is not an array: %v", err)
+				}
+				if len(items) != 3 {
+					t.Errorf("expected 3 items, got %d", len(items))
+				}
+
+				var fields []map[string]interface{}
+				if err := json.Unmarshal(resp["fields"], &fields); err != nil {
+					t.Fatalf("fields is not an array: %v", err)
+				}
+				if len(fields) == 0 {
+					t.Error("expected non-empty fields list")
+				}
+				for _, f := range fields {
+					for _, key := range []string{"name", "datatype", "sqlname", "sqldatatype", "sqlkey", "nullable"} {
+						if _, ok := f[key]; !ok {
+							t.Errorf("field %v missing key %q", f, key)
+						}
+					}
+				}
+
+				var tablename, tableprefix string
+				json.Unmarshal(resp["tablename"], &tablename)
+				json.Unmarshal(resp["tableprefix"], &tableprefix)
+				if tablename == "" {
+					t.Error("expected non-empty tablename")
+				}
+				if tableprefix == "" {
+					t.Error("expected non-empty tableprefix")
+				}
+			},
+		},
 		{
 			name:        "List query with noCount",
 			sqlQuery:    "SELECT * FROM users",

pkg/modelregistry/model_registry.go

@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ func (r *DefaultModelRegistry) RegisterModel(name string, model interface{}) err
 	originalType := modelType
 
 	// Unwrap pointers, slices, and arrays to check the underlying type
-	for modelType.Kind() == reflect.Ptr || modelType.Kind() == reflect.Slice || modelType.Kind() == reflect.Array {
+	for modelType.Kind() == reflect.Pointer || modelType.Kind() == reflect.Slice || modelType.Kind() == reflect.Array {
 		modelType = modelType.Elem()
 	}
 
@@ -124,7 +124,7 @@ func (r *DefaultModelRegistry) RegisterModel(name string, model interface{}) err
 
 	// Additional check: ensure model is not a pointer
 	finalType := reflect.TypeOf(model)
-	if finalType.Kind() == reflect.Ptr {
+	if finalType.Kind() == reflect.Pointer {
 		return fmt.Errorf("model must be a non-pointer struct, got pointer to %s. Use MyModel{} instead of &MyModel{}", finalType.Elem().Name())
 	}
 

pkg/mqttspec/handler.go

@@ -781,6 +781,12 @@ func (h *Handler) create(hookCtx *HookContext) (interface{}, error) {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to create record: %w", err)
 	}
 
+	// Re-fetch the created record to capture DB-generated defaults/triggers.
+	if pkVal := reflection.GetPrimaryKeyValue(hookCtx.ModelPtr); pkVal != nil {
+		hookCtx.ID = fmt.Sprintf("%v", pkVal)
+		return h.readByID(hookCtx)
+	}
+
 	return hookCtx.ModelPtr, nil
 }
 

pkg/openapi/generator.go

@@ -387,7 +387,7 @@ func (g *Generator) generateModelSchema(model interface{}) Schema {
 	}
 
 	modelType := reflect.TypeOf(model)
-	if modelType.Kind() == reflect.Ptr {
+	if modelType.Kind() == reflect.Pointer {
 		modelType = modelType.Elem()
 	}
 	if modelType.Kind() != reflect.Struct {
@@ -418,7 +418,7 @@ func (g *Generator) generateModelSchema(model interface{}) Schema {
 		schema.Properties[fieldName] = propSchema
 
 		// Check if field is required (not a pointer and no omitempty)
-		if field.Type.Kind() != reflect.Ptr && !strings.Contains(jsonTag, "omitempty") {
+		if field.Type.Kind() != reflect.Pointer && !strings.Contains(jsonTag, "omitempty") {
 			schema.Required = append(schema.Required, fieldName)
 		}
 	}
@@ -431,7 +431,7 @@ func (g *Generator) generatePropertySchema(field reflect.StructField) *Schema {
 	schema := &Schema{}
 
 	fieldType := field.Type
-	if fieldType.Kind() == reflect.Ptr {
+	if fieldType.Kind() == reflect.Pointer {
 		fieldType = fieldType.Elem()
 	}
 
@@ -453,7 +453,7 @@ func (g *Generator) generatePropertySchema(field reflect.StructField) *Schema {
 	case reflect.Slice, reflect.Array:
 		schema.Type = "array"
 		elemType := fieldType.Elem()
-		if elemType.Kind() == reflect.Ptr {
+		if elemType.Kind() == reflect.Pointer {
 			elemType = elemType.Elem()
 		}
 		if elemType.Kind() == reflect.Struct {

pkg/reflection/helpers.go

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ func Len(v any) int {
 	val := reflect.ValueOf(v)
 	valKind := val.Kind()
 
-	if valKind == reflect.Ptr {
+	if valKind == reflect.Pointer {
 		val = val.Elem()
 	}
 
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ func IsEmptyValue(v any) bool {
 		return true
 	}
 	rv := reflect.ValueOf(v)
-	if rv.Kind() == reflect.Ptr {
+	if rv.Kind() == reflect.Pointer {
 		if rv.IsNil() {
 			return true
 		}
@@ -80,12 +80,12 @@ func IsEmptyValue(v any) bool {
 // If the type is a slice of pointers, it returns the element type of the pointer within the slice.
 // If neither condition is met, it returns the original type.
 func GetPointerElement(v reflect.Type) reflect.Type {
-	if v.Kind() == reflect.Ptr {
+	if v.Kind() == reflect.Pointer {
 		return v.Elem()
 	}
-	if v.Kind() == reflect.Slice && v.Elem().Kind() == reflect.Ptr {
+	if v.Kind() == reflect.Slice && v.Elem().Kind() == reflect.Pointer {
 		subElem := v.Elem()
-		if subElem.Elem().Kind() == reflect.Ptr {
+		if subElem.Elem().Kind() == reflect.Pointer {
 			return subElem.Elem().Elem()
 		}
 		return v.Elem()
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ func GetJSONNameForField(modelType reflect.Type, fieldName string) string {
 	// Unwrap pointer and slice indirections to reach the struct type
 	for {
 		switch modelType.Kind() {
-		case reflect.Ptr, reflect.Slice:
+		case reflect.Pointer, reflect.Slice:
 			modelType = modelType.Elem()
 			continue
 		}

pkg/reflection/model_utils.go

@@ -226,7 +226,7 @@ func buildJSONToDBMap(modelType reflect.Type, result map[string]string, scanOnly
 		// Handle embedded structs
 		if field.Anonymous {
 			ft := field.Type
-			if ft.Kind() == reflect.Ptr {
+			if ft.Kind() == reflect.Pointer {
 				ft = ft.Elem()
 			}
 			isScanOnly := scanOnly
@@ -544,7 +544,7 @@ func IsColumnWritable(model any, columnName string) bool {
 	// Unwrap pointers and slices to get to the base struct type
 	for modelType != nil {
 		switch modelType.Kind() {
-		case reflect.Ptr, reflect.Slice:
+		case reflect.Pointer, reflect.Slice:
 			modelType = modelType.Elem()
 			continue
 		}
@@ -709,7 +709,7 @@ func GetColumnTypeFromModel(model interface{}, colName string) reflect.Kind {
 
 	modelType := reflect.TypeOf(model)
 	// Dereference pointer if needed
-	if modelType.Kind() == reflect.Ptr {
+	if modelType.Kind() == reflect.Pointer {
 		modelType = modelType.Elem()
 	}
 
@@ -886,7 +886,7 @@ func GetRelationType(model interface{}, fieldName string) RelationType {
 	// Unwrap pointer → slice → pointer chains to reach the underlying struct
 	for {
 		switch modelType.Kind() {
-		case reflect.Ptr, reflect.Slice:
+		case reflect.Pointer, reflect.Slice:
 			modelType = modelType.Elem()
 			continue
 		}
@@ -947,7 +947,7 @@ func GetRelationType(model interface{}, fieldName string) RelationType {
 				// Slice indicates has-many or many-to-many
 				return RelationHasMany
 			}
-			if fieldType.Kind() == reflect.Ptr {
+			if fieldType.Kind() == reflect.Pointer {
 				// Pointer to single struct usually indicates belongs-to or has-one
 				// Check if it has foreignKey (belongs-to) or references (has-one)
 				if strings.Contains(gormTag, "foreignKey:") {
@@ -963,7 +963,7 @@ func GetRelationType(model interface{}, fieldName string) RelationType {
 			// Slice of structs → has-many
 			return RelationHasMany
 		}
-		if fieldType.Kind() == reflect.Ptr || fieldType.Kind() == reflect.Struct {
+		if fieldType.Kind() == reflect.Pointer || fieldType.Kind() == reflect.Struct {
 			// Single struct → belongs-to (default assumption for safety)
 			// Using belongs-to as default ensures we use JOIN, which is safer
 			return RelationBelongsTo
@@ -990,7 +990,7 @@ func GetRelationType(model interface{}, fieldName string) RelationType {
 //     Strategy 1 is skipped if the matched field is a declared relation (rel:) or
 //     has a GORM tag but carries no explicit FK — callers should use convention.
 func GetForeignKeyColumn(modelType reflect.Type, parentKey string) []string {
-	for modelType.Kind() == reflect.Ptr || modelType.Kind() == reflect.Slice {
+	for modelType.Kind() == reflect.Pointer || modelType.Kind() == reflect.Slice {
 		modelType = modelType.Elem()
 	}
 	if modelType.Kind() != reflect.Struct {
@@ -1123,7 +1123,7 @@ func MapToStruct(dataMap map[string]interface{}, target interface{}) error {
 	}
 
 	targetValue := reflect.ValueOf(target)
-	if targetValue.Kind() != reflect.Ptr {
+	if targetValue.Kind() != reflect.Pointer {
 		return fmt.Errorf("target must be a pointer to a struct")
 	}
 
@@ -1226,8 +1226,8 @@ func setFieldValue(field reflect.Value, value interface{}) error {
 	}
 
 	// Handle pointer fields
-	if field.Kind() == reflect.Ptr {
+	if field.Kind() == reflect.Pointer {
-		if valueReflect.Kind() != reflect.Ptr {
+		if valueReflect.Kind() != reflect.Pointer {
 			// Create a new pointer and set its value
 			newPtr := reflect.New(field.Type().Elem())
 			if err := setFieldValue(newPtr.Elem(), value); err != nil {
@@ -1418,14 +1418,14 @@ func convertSlice(targetSlice reflect.Value, sourceSlice reflect.Value) error {
 		// Handle nil elements
 		if sourceValue == nil {
 			// For pointer types, nil is valid
-			if targetElemType.Kind() == reflect.Ptr {
+			if targetElemType.Kind() == reflect.Pointer {
 				targetElem.Set(reflect.Zero(targetElemType))
 			}
 			continue
 		}
 
 		// If target element type is a pointer to struct, we need to create new instances
-		if targetElemType.Kind() == reflect.Ptr {
+		if targetElemType.Kind() == reflect.Pointer {
 			// Create a new instance of the pointed-to type
 			newElemPtr := reflect.New(targetElemType.Elem())
 
@@ -1588,7 +1588,7 @@ func GetValidJSONFieldNames(modelType reflect.Type) map[string]bool {
 	// Unwrap pointers and slices to get to the base struct type
 	for modelType != nil {
 		switch modelType.Kind() {
-		case reflect.Ptr, reflect.Slice:
+		case reflect.Pointer, reflect.Slice:
 			modelType = modelType.Elem()
 			continue
 		}
@@ -1616,7 +1616,7 @@ func collectValidFieldNames(typ reflect.Type, validFields map[string]bool) {
 		// Check for embedded structs
 		if field.Anonymous {
 			fieldType := field.Type
-			if fieldType.Kind() == reflect.Ptr {
+			if fieldType.Kind() == reflect.Pointer {
 				fieldType = fieldType.Elem()
 			}
 			if fieldType.Kind() == reflect.Struct {
@@ -1655,7 +1655,7 @@ func getRelationModelSingleLevel(model interface{}, fieldName string) interface{
 
 	for {
 		switch modelType.Kind() {
-		case reflect.Ptr, reflect.Slice:
+		case reflect.Pointer, reflect.Slice:
 			modelType = modelType.Elem()
 			continue
 		}
@@ -1724,7 +1724,7 @@ func getRelationModelSingleLevel(model interface{}, fieldName string) interface{
 
 	for {
 		switch targetType.Kind() {
-		case reflect.Ptr, reflect.Slice:
+		case reflect.Pointer, reflect.Slice:
 			targetType = targetType.Elem()
 			if targetType == nil {
 				return nil

pkg/resolvemcp/handler.go

@@ -428,14 +428,36 @@ func (h *Handler) executeCreate(ctx context.Context, schema, entity string, data
 	// Use potentially modified data
 	data = hookCtx.Data
 
+	pkName := reflection.GetPrimaryKeyName(model)
+
 	switch v := data.(type) {
 	case map[string]interface{}:
 		query := h.db.NewInsert().Table(tableName)
 		for key, value := range v {
 			query = query.Value(key, value)
 		}
-		if _, err := query.Exec(ctx); err != nil {
+		if pkName != "" {
-			return nil, fmt.Errorf("create error: %w", err)
+			var insertedID interface{}
+			if err := query.Returning(pkName).Scan(ctx, &insertedID); err != nil {
+				return nil, fmt.Errorf("create error: %w", err)
+			}
+			// Re-fetch after insert to capture DB-generated defaults/triggers.
+			modelType := reflect.TypeOf(model)
+			if modelType.Kind() == reflect.Pointer {
+				modelType = modelType.Elem()
+			}
+			fetchedRecord := reflect.New(modelType).Interface()
+			if err := h.db.NewSelect().Model(fetchedRecord).
+				Where(fmt.Sprintf("%s = ?", common.QuoteIdent(pkName)), insertedID).
+				ScanModel(ctx); err == nil {
+				v = mergeWithInput(fetchedRecord, v)
+			} else {
+				logger.Warn("Failed to re-fetch created record with %s=%v: %v", pkName, insertedID, err)
+			}
+		} else {
+			if _, err := query.Exec(ctx); err != nil {
+				return nil, fmt.Errorf("create error: %w", err)
+			}
 		}
 		hookCtx.Result = v
 		if err := h.hooks.Execute(AfterCreate, hookCtx); err != nil {
@@ -444,7 +466,12 @@ func (h *Handler) executeCreate(ctx context.Context, schema, entity string, data
 		return v, nil
 
 	case []interface{}:
-		results := make([]interface{}, 0, len(v))
+		modelType := reflect.TypeOf(model)
+		if modelType.Kind() == reflect.Pointer {
+			modelType = modelType.Elem()
+		}
+		originals := make([]map[string]interface{}, 0, len(v))
+		insertedIDs := make([]interface{}, 0, len(v))
 		err := h.db.RunInTransaction(ctx, func(tx common.Database) error {
 			for _, item := range v {
 				itemMap, ok := item.(map[string]interface{})
@@ -455,16 +482,43 @@ func (h *Handler) executeCreate(ctx context.Context, schema, entity string, data
 				for key, value := range itemMap {
 					q = q.Value(key, value)
 				}
-				if _, err := q.Exec(ctx); err != nil {
+				if pkName == "" {
+					if _, err := q.Exec(ctx); err != nil {
+						return err
+					}
+					originals = append(originals, itemMap)
+					insertedIDs = append(insertedIDs, nil)
+					continue
+				}
+				var returnedID interface{}
+				if err := q.Returning(pkName).Scan(ctx, &returnedID); err != nil {
 					return err
 				}
-				results = append(results, item)
+				originals = append(originals, itemMap)
+				insertedIDs = append(insertedIDs, returnedID)
 			}
 			return nil
 		})
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, fmt.Errorf("batch create error: %w", err)
 		}
+		// Re-fetch each record after transaction commits; fall back to input on failure.
+		results := make([]interface{}, 0, len(insertedIDs))
+		for i, pkVal := range insertedIDs {
+			if pkVal == nil {
+				results = append(results, originals[i])
+				continue
+			}
+			fetchedRecord := reflect.New(modelType).Interface()
+			if err := h.db.NewSelect().Model(fetchedRecord).
+				Where(fmt.Sprintf("%s = ?", common.QuoteIdent(pkName)), pkVal).
+				ScanModel(ctx); err == nil {
+				results = append(results, mergeWithInput(fetchedRecord, originals[i]))
+			} else {
+				logger.Warn("Failed to re-fetch created record with %s=%v: %v", pkName, pkVal, err)
+				results = append(results, originals[i])
+			}
+		}
 		hookCtx.Result = results
 		if err := h.hooks.Execute(AfterCreate, hookCtx); err != nil {
 			return nil, fmt.Errorf("AfterCreate hook failed: %w", err)
@@ -513,7 +567,7 @@ func (h *Handler) executeUpdate(ctx context.Context, schema, entity, id string,
 	err = h.db.RunInTransaction(ctx, func(tx common.Database) error {
 		// Read existing record
 		modelType := reflect.TypeOf(model)
-		if modelType.Kind() == reflect.Ptr {
+		if modelType.Kind() == reflect.Pointer {
 			modelType = modelType.Elem()
 		}
 		existingRecord := reflect.New(modelType).Interface()
@@ -584,6 +638,25 @@ func (h *Handler) executeUpdate(ctx context.Context, schema, entity, id string,
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
+
+	// Re-fetch the record after transaction commits to capture DB-generated changes.
+	modelType := reflect.TypeOf(model)
+	if modelType.Kind() == reflect.Pointer {
+		modelType = modelType.Elem()
+	}
+	fetchedRecord := reflect.New(modelType).Interface()
+	if err := h.db.NewSelect().Model(fetchedRecord).
+		Where(fmt.Sprintf("%s = ?", common.QuoteIdent(pkName)), id).
+		ScanModel(ctx); err == nil {
+		jsonData, marshalErr := json.Marshal(fetchedRecord)
+		if marshalErr == nil {
+			var fetchedMap map[string]interface{}
+			if json.Unmarshal(jsonData, &fetchedMap) == nil {
+				updateResult = fetchedMap
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
 	return updateResult, nil
 }
 
@@ -628,7 +701,7 @@ func (h *Handler) executeDelete(ctx context.Context, schema, entity, id string)
 	}
 
 	modelType := reflect.TypeOf(model)
-	if modelType.Kind() == reflect.Ptr {
+	if modelType.Kind() == reflect.Pointer {
 		modelType = modelType.Elem()
 	}
 
@@ -749,6 +822,28 @@ func (h *Handler) buildFilterCondition(filter common.FilterOption) (condition st
 	return "", nil
 }
 
+// mergeWithInput merges a database record with the original request data.
+// DB values take precedence (capturing triggers/defaults), while extra
+// input keys that have no DB column are preserved in the response.
+func mergeWithInput(dbRecord interface{}, input map[string]interface{}) map[string]interface{} {
+	result := make(map[string]interface{}, len(input))
+	for k, v := range input {
+		result[k] = v
+	}
+	jsonData, err := json.Marshal(dbRecord)
+	if err != nil {
+		return result
+	}
+	var dbMap map[string]interface{}
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(jsonData, &dbMap); err != nil {
+		return result
+	}
+	for k, v := range dbMap {
+		result[k] = v
+	}
+	return result
+}
+
 func (h *Handler) applyPreloads(model interface{}, query common.SelectQuery, preloads []common.PreloadOption) (common.SelectQuery, error) {
 	for i := range preloads {
 		preload := &preloads[i]

pkg/resolvemcp/tools.go

@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ func buildModelInfo(schema, entity string, model interface{}) modelInfo {
 
 	// Unwrap to base struct type
 	modelType := reflect.TypeOf(model)
-	for modelType != nil && (modelType.Kind() == reflect.Ptr || modelType.Kind() == reflect.Slice) {
+	for modelType != nil && (modelType.Kind() == reflect.Pointer || modelType.Kind() == reflect.Slice) {
 		modelType = modelType.Elem()
 	}
 	if modelType == nil || modelType.Kind() != reflect.Struct {
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ func buildModelInfo(schema, entity string, model interface{}) modelInfo {
 		fieldType, found := modelType.FieldByName(d.Name)
 		if found {
 			ft := fieldType.Type
-			if ft.Kind() == reflect.Ptr {
+			if ft.Kind() == reflect.Pointer {
 				ft = ft.Elem()
 			}
 			isUserStruct := ft.Kind() == reflect.Struct && ft.Name() != "Time" && ft.PkgPath() != ""
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ func buildModelInfo(schema, entity string, model interface{}) modelInfo {
 		goType := d.DataType
 		if goType == "" && found {
 			ft := fieldType.Type
-			for ft.Kind() == reflect.Ptr {
+			for ft.Kind() == reflect.Pointer {
 				ft = ft.Elem()
 			}
 			goType = ft.Name()

pkg/resolvespec/handler.go

@@ -243,7 +243,7 @@ func (h *Handler) handleRead(ctx context.Context, w common.ResponseWriter, id st
 
 	// Validate and unwrap model type to get base struct
 	modelType := reflect.TypeOf(model)
-	for modelType != nil && (modelType.Kind() == reflect.Ptr || modelType.Kind() == reflect.Slice || modelType.Kind() == reflect.Array) {
+	for modelType != nil && (modelType.Kind() == reflect.Pointer || modelType.Kind() == reflect.Slice || modelType.Kind() == reflect.Array) {
 		modelType = modelType.Elem()
 	}
 
@@ -602,23 +602,44 @@ func (h *Handler) handleCreate(ctx context.Context, w common.ResponseWriter, dat
 		}
 
 		// Standard processing without nested relations
+		pkName := reflection.GetPrimaryKeyName(model)
 		query := h.db.NewInsert().Table(tableName)
 		for key, value := range v {
 			query = query.Value(key, common.ConvertSliceForBun(value))
 		}
-		result, err := query.Exec(ctx)
+		var responseData interface{} = v
-		if err != nil {
+		if pkName == "" {
-			logger.Error("Error creating record: %v", err)
+			// No PK on model — insert and return input as-is.
-			h.sendError(w, http.StatusInternalServerError, "create_error", "Error creating record", err)
+			result, err := query.Exec(ctx)
-			return
+			if err != nil {
+				logger.Error("Error creating record: %v", err)
+				h.sendError(w, http.StatusInternalServerError, "create_error", "Error creating record", err)
+				return
+			}
+			logger.Info("Successfully created record, rows affected: %d", result.RowsAffected())
+		} else {
+			var insertedID interface{}
+			if err := query.Returning(pkName).Scan(ctx, &insertedID); err != nil {
+				logger.Error("Error creating record: %v", err)
+				h.sendError(w, http.StatusInternalServerError, "create_error", "Error creating record", err)
+				return
+			}
+			logger.Info("Successfully created record with %s: %v", pkName, insertedID)
+			fetchedRecord := reflect.New(reflection.GetPointerElement(reflect.TypeOf(model))).Interface()
+			if fetchErr := h.db.NewSelect().Model(fetchedRecord).
+				Where(fmt.Sprintf("%s = ?", common.QuoteIdent(pkName)), insertedID).
+				ScanModel(ctx); fetchErr == nil {
+				responseData = mergeWithInput(fetchedRecord, v)
+			} else {
+				logger.Warn("Failed to re-fetch created record with %s=%v: %v", pkName, insertedID, fetchErr)
+			}
 		}
-		logger.Info("Successfully created record, rows affected: %d", result.RowsAffected())
 		// Invalidate cache for this table
 		cacheTags := buildCacheTags(schema, tableName)
 		if err := invalidateCacheForTags(ctx, cacheTags); err != nil {
 			logger.Warn("Failed to invalidate cache for table %s: %v", tableName, err)
 		}
-		h.sendResponse(w, v, nil)
+		h.sendResponse(w, responseData, nil)
 
 	case []map[string]interface{}:
 		// Check if any item needs nested processing
@@ -666,15 +687,30 @@ func (h *Handler) handleCreate(ctx context.Context, w common.ResponseWriter, dat
 		}
 
 		// Standard batch insert without nested relations
+		pkName := reflection.GetPrimaryKeyName(model)
+		modelElemType := reflection.GetPointerElement(reflect.TypeOf(model))
+		originals := make([]map[string]interface{}, 0, len(v))
+		insertedIDs := make([]interface{}, 0, len(v))
 		err := h.db.RunInTransaction(ctx, func(tx common.Database) error {
 			for _, item := range v {
 				txQuery := tx.NewInsert().Table(tableName)
 				for key, value := range item {
 					txQuery = txQuery.Value(key, common.ConvertSliceForBun(value))
 				}
-				if _, err := txQuery.Exec(ctx); err != nil {
+				if pkName == "" {
+					if _, err := txQuery.Exec(ctx); err != nil {
+						return err
+					}
+					originals = append(originals, item)
+					insertedIDs = append(insertedIDs, nil)
+					continue
+				}
+				var returnedID interface{}
+				if err := txQuery.Returning(pkName).Scan(ctx, &returnedID); err != nil {
 					return err
 				}
+				originals = append(originals, item)
+				insertedIDs = append(insertedIDs, returnedID)
 			}
 			return nil
 		})
@@ -689,7 +725,24 @@ func (h *Handler) handleCreate(ctx context.Context, w common.ResponseWriter, dat
 		if err := invalidateCacheForTags(ctx, cacheTags); err != nil {
 			logger.Warn("Failed to invalidate cache for table %s: %v", tableName, err)
 		}
-		h.sendResponse(w, v, nil)
+		// Re-fetch each record after transaction commits; fall back to input on failure.
+		responseItems := make([]interface{}, 0, len(insertedIDs))
+		for i, pkVal := range insertedIDs {
+			if pkVal == nil {
+				responseItems = append(responseItems, originals[i])
+				continue
+			}
+			fetchedRecord := reflect.New(modelElemType).Interface()
+			if fetchErr := h.db.NewSelect().Model(fetchedRecord).
+				Where(fmt.Sprintf("%s = ?", common.QuoteIdent(pkName)), pkVal).
+				ScanModel(ctx); fetchErr == nil {
+				responseItems = append(responseItems, mergeWithInput(fetchedRecord, originals[i]))
+			} else {
+				logger.Warn("Failed to re-fetch created record with %s=%v: %v", pkName, pkVal, fetchErr)
+				responseItems = append(responseItems, originals[i])
+			}
+		}
+		h.sendResponse(w, responseItems, nil)
 
 	case []interface{}:
 		// Handle []interface{} type from JSON unmarshaling
@@ -742,19 +795,34 @@ func (h *Handler) handleCreate(ctx context.Context, w common.ResponseWriter, dat
 		}
 
 		// Standard batch insert without nested relations
-		list := make([]interface{}, 0)
+		pkName := reflection.GetPrimaryKeyName(model)
+		modelElemType := reflection.GetPointerElement(reflect.TypeOf(model))
+		originals := make([]map[string]interface{}, 0, len(v))
+		insertedIDs := make([]interface{}, 0, len(v))
 		err := h.db.RunInTransaction(ctx, func(tx common.Database) error {
 			for _, item := range v {
-				if itemMap, ok := item.(map[string]interface{}); ok {
+				itemMap, ok := item.(map[string]interface{})
-					txQuery := tx.NewInsert().Table(tableName)
+				if !ok {
-					for key, value := range itemMap {
+					continue
-						txQuery = txQuery.Value(key, common.ConvertSliceForBun(value))
+				}
-					}
+				txQuery := tx.NewInsert().Table(tableName)
+				for key, value := range itemMap {
+					txQuery = txQuery.Value(key, common.ConvertSliceForBun(value))
+				}
+				if pkName == "" {
 					if _, err := txQuery.Exec(ctx); err != nil {
 						return err
 					}
-					list = append(list, item)
+					originals = append(originals, itemMap)
+					insertedIDs = append(insertedIDs, nil)
+					continue
 				}
+				var returnedID interface{}
+				if err := txQuery.Returning(pkName).Scan(ctx, &returnedID); err != nil {
+					return err
+				}
+				originals = append(originals, itemMap)
+				insertedIDs = append(insertedIDs, returnedID)
 			}
 			return nil
 		})
@@ -769,7 +837,24 @@ func (h *Handler) handleCreate(ctx context.Context, w common.ResponseWriter, dat
 		if err := invalidateCacheForTags(ctx, cacheTags); err != nil {
 			logger.Warn("Failed to invalidate cache for table %s: %v", tableName, err)
 		}
-		h.sendResponse(w, list, nil)
+		// Re-fetch each record after transaction commits; fall back to input on failure.
+		responseItems := make([]interface{}, 0, len(insertedIDs))
+		for i, pkVal := range insertedIDs {
+			if pkVal == nil {
+				responseItems = append(responseItems, originals[i])
+				continue
+			}
+			fetchedRecord := reflect.New(modelElemType).Interface()
+			if fetchErr := h.db.NewSelect().Model(fetchedRecord).
+				Where(fmt.Sprintf("%s = ?", common.QuoteIdent(pkName)), pkVal).
+				ScanModel(ctx); fetchErr == nil {
+				responseItems = append(responseItems, mergeWithInput(fetchedRecord, originals[i]))
+			} else {
+				logger.Warn("Failed to re-fetch created record with %s=%v: %v", pkName, pkVal, fetchErr)
+				responseItems = append(responseItems, originals[i])
+			}
+		}
+		h.sendResponse(w, responseItems, nil)
 
 	default:
 		logger.Error("Invalid data type for create operation: %T", data)
@@ -836,7 +921,7 @@ func (h *Handler) handleUpdate(ctx context.Context, w common.ResponseWriter, url
 		err := h.db.RunInTransaction(ctx, func(tx common.Database) error {
 			// First, read the existing record from the database
 			existingRecord := reflect.New(reflection.GetPointerElement(reflect.TypeOf(model))).Interface()
-			selectQuery := tx.NewSelect().Model(existingRecord).Column("*")
+			selectQuery := tx.NewSelect().Model(existingRecord).Column(reflection.GetSQLModelColumns(model)...)
 
 			// Apply conditions to select
 			if urlID != "" {
@@ -955,13 +1040,34 @@ func (h *Handler) handleUpdate(ctx context.Context, w common.ResponseWriter, url
 			return
 		}
 
+		// Fetch the updated record after the transaction commits to capture any trigger changes
+		updatedRecord := reflect.New(reflection.GetPointerElement(reflect.TypeOf(model))).Interface()
+		fetchQuery := h.db.NewSelect().Model(updatedRecord).Column(reflection.GetSQLModelColumns(model)...)
+		if urlID != "" {
+			fetchQuery = fetchQuery.Where(fmt.Sprintf("%s = ?", common.QuoteIdent(pkName)), urlID)
+		} else if reqID != nil {
+			switch id := reqID.(type) {
+			case string:
+				fetchQuery = fetchQuery.Where(fmt.Sprintf("%s = ?", common.QuoteIdent(pkName)), id)
+			case []string:
+				if len(id) > 0 {
+					fetchQuery = fetchQuery.Where(fmt.Sprintf("%s IN (?)", common.QuoteIdent(pkName)), id)
+				}
+			}
+		}
+		if err := fetchQuery.ScanModel(ctx); err != nil {
+			logger.Error("Failed to fetch updated record: %v", err)
+			h.sendError(w, http.StatusInternalServerError, "fetch_error", "Failed to fetch updated record", err)
+			return
+		}
+
 		logger.Info("Successfully updated record(s)")
 		// Invalidate cache for this table
 		cacheTags := buildCacheTags(schema, tableName)
 		if err := invalidateCacheForTags(ctx, cacheTags); err != nil {
 			logger.Warn("Failed to invalidate cache for table %s: %v", tableName, err)
 		}
-		h.sendResponse(w, data, nil)
+		h.sendResponse(w, updatedRecord, nil)
 
 	case []map[string]interface{}:
 		// Batch update with array of objects
@@ -1017,7 +1123,7 @@ func (h *Handler) handleUpdate(ctx context.Context, w common.ResponseWriter, url
 
 					// First, read the existing record
 					existingRecord := reflect.New(reflection.GetPointerElement(reflect.TypeOf(model))).Interface()
-					selectQuery := tx.NewSelect().Model(existingRecord).Column("*").Where(fmt.Sprintf("%s = ?", common.QuoteIdent(pkName)), itemID)
+					selectQuery := tx.NewSelect().Model(existingRecord).Column(reflection.GetSQLModelColumns(model)...).Where(fmt.Sprintf("%s = ?", common.QuoteIdent(pkName)), itemID)
 					if err := selectQuery.ScanModel(ctx); err != nil {
 						if err == sql.ErrNoRows {
 							continue // Skip if record not found
@@ -1089,13 +1195,29 @@ func (h *Handler) handleUpdate(ctx context.Context, w common.ResponseWriter, url
 			h.sendError(w, http.StatusInternalServerError, "update_error", "Error updating records", err)
 			return
 		}
-		logger.Info("Successfully updated %d records", len(updates))
+
+		// Fetch updated records after the transaction commits to capture any trigger changes
+		fetchedUpdates := make([]interface{}, 0, len(updates))
+		for _, item := range updates {
+			if itemID, ok := item["id"]; ok && itemID != nil {
+				fetchedRecord := reflect.New(reflection.GetPointerElement(reflect.TypeOf(model))).Interface()
+				fetchQuery := h.db.NewSelect().Model(fetchedRecord).Column(reflection.GetSQLModelColumns(model)...).Where(fmt.Sprintf("%s = ?", common.QuoteIdent(pkName)), itemID)
+				if err := fetchQuery.ScanModel(ctx); err != nil {
+					logger.Error("Failed to fetch updated record with ID %v: %v", itemID, err)
+					h.sendError(w, http.StatusInternalServerError, "fetch_error", "Failed to fetch updated record", err)
+					return
+				}
+				fetchedUpdates = append(fetchedUpdates, fetchedRecord)
+			}
+		}
+
+		logger.Info("Successfully updated %d records", len(fetchedUpdates))
 		// Invalidate cache for this table
 		cacheTags := buildCacheTags(schema, tableName)
 		if err := invalidateCacheForTags(ctx, cacheTags); err != nil {
 			logger.Warn("Failed to invalidate cache for table %s: %v", tableName, err)
 		}
-		h.sendResponse(w, updates, nil)
+		h.sendResponse(w, fetchedUpdates, nil)
 
 	case []interface{}:
 		// Batch update with []interface{}
@@ -1157,7 +1279,7 @@ func (h *Handler) handleUpdate(ctx context.Context, w common.ResponseWriter, url
 
 						// First, read the existing record
 						existingRecord := reflect.New(reflection.GetPointerElement(reflect.TypeOf(model))).Interface()
-						selectQuery := tx.NewSelect().Model(existingRecord).Column("*").Where(fmt.Sprintf("%s = ?", common.QuoteIdent(pkName)), itemID)
+						selectQuery := tx.NewSelect().Model(existingRecord).Column(reflection.GetSQLModelColumns(model)...).Where(fmt.Sprintf("%s = ?", common.QuoteIdent(pkName)), itemID)
 						if err := selectQuery.ScanModel(ctx); err != nil {
 							if err == sql.ErrNoRows {
 								continue // Skip if record not found
@@ -1232,13 +1354,31 @@ func (h *Handler) handleUpdate(ctx context.Context, w common.ResponseWriter, url
 			h.sendError(w, http.StatusInternalServerError, "update_error", "Error updating records", err)
 			return
 		}
-		logger.Info("Successfully updated %d records", len(list))
+
+		// Fetch updated records after the transaction commits to capture any trigger changes
+		fetchedList := make([]interface{}, 0, len(list))
+		for _, item := range list {
+			if itemMap, ok := item.(map[string]interface{}); ok {
+				if itemID, ok := itemMap["id"]; ok && itemID != nil {
+					fetchedRecord := reflect.New(reflection.GetPointerElement(reflect.TypeOf(model))).Interface()
+					fetchQuery := h.db.NewSelect().Model(fetchedRecord).Column(reflection.GetSQLModelColumns(model)...).Where(fmt.Sprintf("%s = ?", common.QuoteIdent(pkName)), itemID)
+					if err := fetchQuery.ScanModel(ctx); err != nil {
+						logger.Error("Failed to fetch updated record with ID %v: %v", itemID, err)
+						h.sendError(w, http.StatusInternalServerError, "fetch_error", "Failed to fetch updated record", err)
+						return
+					}
+					fetchedList = append(fetchedList, fetchedRecord)
+				}
+			}
+		}
+
+		logger.Info("Successfully updated %d records", len(fetchedList))
 		// Invalidate cache for this table
 		cacheTags := buildCacheTags(schema, tableName)
 		if err := invalidateCacheForTags(ctx, cacheTags); err != nil {
 			logger.Warn("Failed to invalidate cache for table %s: %v", tableName, err)
 		}
-		h.sendResponse(w, list, nil)
+		h.sendResponse(w, fetchedList, nil)
 
 	default:
 		logger.Error("Invalid data type for update operation: %T", data)
@@ -1407,7 +1547,7 @@ func (h *Handler) handleDelete(ctx context.Context, w common.ResponseWriter, id
 
 	// First, fetch the record that will be deleted
 	modelType := reflect.TypeOf(model)
-	if modelType.Kind() == reflect.Ptr {
+	if modelType.Kind() == reflect.Pointer {
 		modelType = modelType.Elem()
 	}
 	recordToDelete := reflect.New(modelType).Interface()
@@ -1682,7 +1822,7 @@ func (h *Handler) generateMetadata(schema, entity string, model interface{}) *co
 	modelType := reflect.TypeOf(model)
 
 	// Unwrap pointers, slices, and arrays to get to the base struct type
-	for modelType != nil && (modelType.Kind() == reflect.Ptr || modelType.Kind() == reflect.Slice || modelType.Kind() == reflect.Array) {
+	for modelType != nil && (modelType.Kind() == reflect.Pointer || modelType.Kind() == reflect.Slice || modelType.Kind() == reflect.Array) {
 		modelType = modelType.Elem()
 	}
 
@@ -1826,7 +1966,7 @@ func getColumnType(field reflect.StructField) string {
 
 func isNullable(field reflect.StructField) bool {
 	// Check if it's a pointer type
-	if field.Type.Kind() == reflect.Ptr {
+	if field.Type.Kind() == reflect.Pointer {
 		return true
 	}
 
@@ -1852,7 +1992,7 @@ func (h *Handler) applyPreloads(model interface{}, query common.SelectQuery, pre
 	modelType := reflect.TypeOf(model)
 
 	// Unwrap pointers, slices, and arrays to get to the base struct type
-	for modelType != nil && (modelType.Kind() == reflect.Ptr || modelType.Kind() == reflect.Slice || modelType.Kind() == reflect.Array) {
+	for modelType != nil && (modelType.Kind() == reflect.Pointer || modelType.Kind() == reflect.Slice || modelType.Kind() == reflect.Array) {
 		modelType = modelType.Elem()
 	}
 
@@ -2000,7 +2140,7 @@ func toSnakeCase(s string) string {
 func (h *Handler) setRowNumbersOnRecords(records interface{}, offset int) {
 	// Get the reflect value of the records
 	recordsValue := reflect.ValueOf(records)
-	if recordsValue.Kind() == reflect.Ptr {
+	if recordsValue.Kind() == reflect.Pointer {
 		recordsValue = recordsValue.Elem()
 	}
 
@@ -2015,7 +2155,7 @@ func (h *Handler) setRowNumbersOnRecords(records interface{}, offset int) {
 		record := recordsValue.Index(i)
 
 		// Dereference if it's a pointer
-		if record.Kind() == reflect.Ptr {
+		if record.Kind() == reflect.Pointer {
 			if record.IsNil() {
 				continue
 			}
@@ -2067,3 +2207,25 @@ func (h *Handler) HandleOpenAPI(w common.ResponseWriter, r common.Request) {
 func (h *Handler) SetOpenAPIGenerator(generator func() (string, error)) {
 	h.openAPIGenerator = generator
 }
+
+// mergeWithInput merges a database record with the original request data.
+// DB values take precedence (capturing triggers/defaults), while extra
+// input keys that have no DB column are preserved in the response.
+func mergeWithInput(dbRecord interface{}, input map[string]interface{}) map[string]interface{} {
+	result := make(map[string]interface{}, len(input))
+	for k, v := range input {
+		result[k] = v
+	}
+	jsonData, err := json.Marshal(dbRecord)
+	if err != nil {
+		return result
+	}
+	var dbMap map[string]interface{}
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(jsonData, &dbMap); err != nil {
+		return result
+	}
+	for k, v := range dbMap {
+		result[k] = v
+	}
+	return result
+}

pkg/restheadspec/detail_response_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,209 @@
+package restheadspec
+
+import (
+	"encoding/json"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/bitechdev/ResolveSpec/pkg/common"
+)
+
+// detailTestModel is a simple model with gorm column/type tags for detail format tests.
+type detailTestModel struct {
+	ID          int64   `bun:"rid,pk" gorm:"column:rid;primaryKey" json:"rid"`
+	Name        string  `bun:"name" gorm:"column:name;type:citext" json:"name"`
+	Description *string `bun:"description" gorm:"column:description;type:text;nullable" json:"description"`
+	Score       float64 `bun:"score" gorm:"column:score;type:numeric" json:"score"`
+	Active      bool    `bun:"active" gorm:"column:active;type:boolean;not null" json:"active"`
+}
+
+func TestSendFormattedResponse_DetailFormat(t *testing.T) {
+	handler := &Handler{}
+
+	name := "hello"
+	items := []*detailTestModel{
+		{ID: 1, Name: "first", Description: &name, Score: 1.5, Active: true},
+		{ID: 2, Name: "second", Description: nil, Score: 2.0, Active: false},
+	}
+	metadata := &common.Metadata{
+		Total:    36,
+		Count:    2,
+		Filtered: 36,
+		Limit:    10,
+		Offset:   0,
+	}
+	options := ExtendedRequestOptions{
+		ResponseFormat: "detail",
+	}
+
+	mockWriter := &MockTestResponseWriter{headers: make(map[string]string)}
+	handler.sendFormattedResponse(mockWriter, items, metadata, "myschema.myentity", detailTestModel{}, options)
+
+	if mockWriter.statusCode != 200 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected status 200, got %d", mockWriter.statusCode)
+	}
+
+	body, err := json.Marshal(mockWriter.body)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("failed to marshal body: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	var resp map[string]json.RawMessage
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(body, &resp); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("failed to unmarshal response: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	t.Run("top-level keys", func(t *testing.T) {
+		for _, key := range []string{"count", "fields", "items", "tablename", "tableprefix", "total"} {
+			if _, ok := resp[key]; !ok {
+				t.Errorf("missing key %q in detail response", key)
+			}
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("count and total are string", func(t *testing.T) {
+		var count, total string
+		if err := json.Unmarshal(resp["count"], &count); err != nil {
+			t.Errorf("count is not a string: %v", err)
+		}
+		if err := json.Unmarshal(resp["total"], &total); err != nil {
+			t.Errorf("total is not a string: %v", err)
+		}
+		if count != "2" {
+			t.Errorf("expected count %q, got %q", "2", count)
+		}
+		if total != "36" {
+			t.Errorf("expected total %q, got %q", "36", total)
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("tablename and tableprefix", func(t *testing.T) {
+		var tablename, tableprefix string
+		json.Unmarshal(resp["tablename"], &tablename)
+		json.Unmarshal(resp["tableprefix"], &tableprefix)
+		if tablename != "myschema.myentity" {
+			t.Errorf("expected tablename %q, got %q", "myschema.myentity", tablename)
+		}
+		if tableprefix != "myentity" {
+			t.Errorf("expected tableprefix %q, got %q", "myentity", tableprefix)
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("items contains data", func(t *testing.T) {
+		var itemSlice []map[string]interface{}
+		if err := json.Unmarshal(resp["items"], &itemSlice); err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("items is not an array: %v", err)
+		}
+		if len(itemSlice) != 2 {
+			t.Errorf("expected 2 items, got %d", len(itemSlice))
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("fields contains column metadata", func(t *testing.T) {
+		var fields []map[string]interface{}
+		if err := json.Unmarshal(resp["fields"], &fields); err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("fields is not an array: %v", err)
+		}
+		if len(fields) == 0 {
+			t.Fatal("expected fields to be non-empty")
+		}
+
+		bySQL := make(map[string]map[string]interface{}, len(fields))
+		for _, f := range fields {
+			if sqlname, ok := f["sqlname"].(string); ok {
+				bySQL[sqlname] = f
+			}
+		}
+
+		// Check required field keys are present
+		for _, f := range fields {
+			for _, key := range []string{"name", "datatype", "sqlname", "sqldatatype", "sqlkey", "nullable"} {
+				if _, ok := f[key]; !ok {
+					t.Errorf("field %v missing key %q", f, key)
+				}
+			}
+		}
+
+		// Validate specific columns
+		if col, ok := bySQL["rid"]; ok {
+			if col["sqlkey"] != "primary_key" {
+				t.Errorf("rid: expected sqlkey %q, got %v", "primary_key", col["sqlkey"])
+			}
+		} else {
+			t.Error("expected column 'rid' in fields")
+		}
+
+		if col, ok := bySQL["name"]; ok {
+			if col["sqldatatype"] != "citext" {
+				t.Errorf("name: expected sqldatatype %q, got %v", "citext", col["sqldatatype"])
+			}
+			if col["nullable"] != false {
+				t.Errorf("name: expected nullable false, got %v", col["nullable"])
+			}
+		} else {
+			t.Error("expected column 'name' in fields")
+		}
+
+		if col, ok := bySQL["description"]; ok {
+			if col["sqldatatype"] != "text" {
+				t.Errorf("description: expected sqldatatype %q, got %v", "text", col["sqldatatype"])
+			}
+			if col["nullable"] != true {
+				t.Errorf("description: expected nullable true, got %v", col["nullable"])
+			}
+		} else {
+			t.Error("expected column 'description' in fields")
+		}
+	})
+}
+
+func TestSendFormattedResponse_DetailFormat_EmptyItems(t *testing.T) {
+	handler := &Handler{}
+	metadata := &common.Metadata{Total: 0, Count: 0, Filtered: 0}
+	options := ExtendedRequestOptions{ResponseFormat: "detail"}
+
+	mockWriter := &MockTestResponseWriter{headers: make(map[string]string)}
+	handler.sendFormattedResponse(mockWriter, []*detailTestModel{}, metadata, "s.t", detailTestModel{}, options)
+
+	body, _ := json.Marshal(mockWriter.body)
+	var resp map[string]json.RawMessage
+	json.Unmarshal(body, &resp)
+
+	var count, total string
+	json.Unmarshal(resp["count"], &count)
+	json.Unmarshal(resp["total"], &total)
+
+	if count != "0" || total != "0" {
+		t.Errorf("expected count/total both %q, got count=%q total=%q", "0", count, total)
+	}
+
+	var fields []interface{}
+	json.Unmarshal(resp["fields"], &fields)
+	if len(fields) == 0 {
+		t.Error("fields should still list column metadata even when items is empty")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestBuildDetailFields_SkipsRelations(t *testing.T) {
+	type child struct {
+		ID int64 `bun:"id,pk" gorm:"column:id;primaryKey" json:"id"`
+	}
+	type parent struct {
+		ID       int64   `bun:"id,pk" gorm:"column:id;primaryKey" json:"id"`
+		Name     string  `bun:"name" gorm:"column:name" json:"name"`
+		Children []child `bun:"rel:has-many" json:"children"`
+		Child    *child  `bun:"rel:has-one" json:"child"`
+	}
+
+	handler := &Handler{}
+	fields := handler.buildDetailFields(parent{})
+
+	for _, f := range fields {
+		if f.SQLName == "children" || f.SQLName == "child" {
+			t.Errorf("relation field %q should not appear in detail fields", f.SQLName)
+		}
+	}
+
+	if len(fields) != 2 {
+		t.Errorf("expected 2 scalar fields (id, name), got %d", len(fields))
+	}
+}

pkg/restheadspec/empty_result_test.go

@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ func TestSendFormattedResponse_NoDataFoundHeader(t *testing.T) {
 
 	// Test with empty data
 	emptyData := []interface{}{}
-	handler.sendFormattedResponse(mockWriter, emptyData, metadata, options)
+	handler.sendFormattedResponse(mockWriter, emptyData, metadata, "", nil, options)
 
 	// Check if X-No-Data-Found header was set
 	if mockWriter.headers["X-No-Data-Found"] != "true" {

pkg/restheadspec/handler.go

@@ -289,7 +289,8 @@ func (h *Handler) HandleGet(w common.ResponseWriter, r common.Request, params ma
 		Limit:    0,
 		Offset:   0,
 	}
-	h.sendFormattedResponse(w, tableMetadata, responseMetadata, options)
+	tableName := h.getTableName(schema, entity, model)
+	h.sendFormattedResponse(w, tableMetadata, responseMetadata, tableName, model, options)
 }
 
 // handleMeta processes meta operation requests
@@ -348,7 +349,7 @@ func (h *Handler) handleRead(ctx context.Context, w common.ResponseWriter, id st
 
 	// Validate and unwrap model type to get base struct
 	modelType := reflect.TypeOf(model)
-	for modelType != nil && (modelType.Kind() == reflect.Ptr || modelType.Kind() == reflect.Slice || modelType.Kind() == reflect.Array) {
+	for modelType != nil && (modelType.Kind() == reflect.Pointer || modelType.Kind() == reflect.Slice || modelType.Kind() == reflect.Array) {
 		modelType = modelType.Elem()
 	}
 
@@ -848,7 +849,7 @@ func (h *Handler) handleRead(ctx context.Context, w common.ResponseWriter, id st
 		return
 	}
 
-	h.sendFormattedResponse(w, modelPtr, metadata, options)
+	h.sendFormattedResponse(w, modelPtr, metadata, tableName, model, options)
 }
 
 // applyPreloadWithRecursion applies a preload with support for ComputedQL and recursive preloading
@@ -1480,18 +1481,7 @@ func (h *Handler) handleUpdate(ctx context.Context, w common.ResponseWriter, id
 			}
 		}
 
-		// Fetch the updated record to return the new values
+		_ = result
-		modelValue := reflect.New(reflect.TypeOf(model)).Interface()
-		selectQuery = tx.NewSelect().Model(modelValue).Where(fmt.Sprintf("%s = ?", common.QuoteIdent(pkName)), targetID)
-		if err := selectQuery.ScanModel(ctx); err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("failed to fetch updated record: %w", err)
-		}
-
-		updatedRecord = modelValue
-
-		// Store result for hooks
-		hookCtx.Result = updatedRecord
-		_ = result // Keep result variable for potential future use
 		return nil
 	})
 
@@ -1501,6 +1491,16 @@ func (h *Handler) handleUpdate(ctx context.Context, w common.ResponseWriter, id
 		return
 	}
 
+	// Fetch the updated record after the transaction commits to capture any trigger changes
+	fetchedRecord := reflect.New(reflect.TypeOf(model)).Interface()
+	selectQuery := h.db.NewSelect().Model(fetchedRecord).Where(fmt.Sprintf("%s = ?", common.QuoteIdent(pkName)), targetID)
+	if err := selectQuery.ScanModel(ctx); err != nil {
+		logger.Error("Failed to fetch updated record: %v", err)
+		h.sendError(w, http.StatusInternalServerError, "fetch_error", "Failed to fetch updated record", err)
+		return
+	}
+	updatedRecord = fetchedRecord
+
 	// Merge the updated record with the original request data
 	// This preserves extra keys from the request and updates values from the database
 	mergedData := h.mergeRecordWithRequest(updatedRecord, dataMap)
@@ -1892,7 +1892,7 @@ func (h *Handler) extractNestedRelations(
 ) (_cleanedData map[string]interface{}, _relations map[string]interface{}, _err error) {
 	// Get model type for reflection
 	modelType := reflect.TypeOf(model)
-	for modelType != nil && (modelType.Kind() == reflect.Ptr || modelType.Kind() == reflect.Slice || modelType.Kind() == reflect.Array) {
+	for modelType != nil && (modelType.Kind() == reflect.Pointer || modelType.Kind() == reflect.Slice || modelType.Kind() == reflect.Array) {
 		modelType = modelType.Elem()
 	}
 
@@ -1934,7 +1934,7 @@ func (h *Handler) processChildRelationsWithParentID(
 ) error {
 	// Get model type for reflection
 	modelType := reflect.TypeOf(parentModel)
-	for modelType != nil && (modelType.Kind() == reflect.Ptr || modelType.Kind() == reflect.Slice || modelType.Kind() == reflect.Array) {
+	for modelType != nil && (modelType.Kind() == reflect.Pointer || modelType.Kind() == reflect.Slice || modelType.Kind() == reflect.Array) {
 		modelType = modelType.Elem()
 	}
 
@@ -1990,7 +1990,7 @@ func (h *Handler) processChildRelationsForField(
 	if relatedModelType.Kind() == reflect.Slice {
 		relatedModelType = relatedModelType.Elem()
 	}
-	if relatedModelType.Kind() == reflect.Ptr {
+	if relatedModelType.Kind() == reflect.Pointer {
 		relatedModelType = relatedModelType.Elem()
 	}
 
@@ -2012,11 +2012,15 @@ func (h *Handler) processChildRelationsForField(
 	// Priority: Use foreign key field name if specified, otherwise use parent's PK name
 	var foreignKeyFieldName string
 	if relInfo.ForeignKey != "" {
-		// Get the JSON name for the foreign key field in the child model
+		// For has-many/has-one: join:parentCol=childCol
-		foreignKeyFieldName = reflection.GetJSONNameForField(relatedModelType, relInfo.ForeignKey)
+		// ForeignKey = parent side, References = child side (where we actually set the value)
+		childField := relInfo.ForeignKey
+		if (relInfo.RelationType == "hasMany" || relInfo.RelationType == "hasOne") && relInfo.References != "" {
+			childField = relInfo.References
+		}
+		foreignKeyFieldName = reflection.GetJSONNameForField(relatedModelType, childField)
 		if foreignKeyFieldName == "" {
-			// Fallback to lowercase field name
+			foreignKeyFieldName = strings.ToLower(childField)
-			foreignKeyFieldName = strings.ToLower(relInfo.ForeignKey)
 		}
 	} else {
 		// Fallback: use parent's primary key name
@@ -2040,7 +2044,10 @@ func (h *Handler) processChildRelationsForField(
 	// Process based on relation type and data structure
 	switch v := relationValue.(type) {
 	case map[string]interface{}:
-		// Single related object - add parent ID to foreign key field
+		if !isValidNestedRequest(v) {
+			logger.Debug("Skipping single relation %s - missing or invalid _request value", relationName)
+			return nil
+		}
 		// IMPORTANT: In recursive relationships, don't overwrite the primary key
 		if parentID != nil && foreignKeyFieldName != "" && foreignKeyFieldName != childPKFieldName {
 			v[foreignKeyFieldName] = parentID
@@ -2057,7 +2064,10 @@ func (h *Handler) processChildRelationsForField(
 		// Multiple related objects
 		for i, item := range v {
 			if itemMap, ok := item.(map[string]interface{}); ok {
-				// Add parent ID to foreign key field
+				if !isValidNestedRequest(itemMap) {
+					logger.Debug("Skipping relation array[%d] %s - missing or invalid _request value", i, relationName)
+					continue
+				}
 				// IMPORTANT: In recursive relationships, don't overwrite the primary key
 				if parentID != nil && foreignKeyFieldName != "" && foreignKeyFieldName != childPKFieldName {
 					itemMap[foreignKeyFieldName] = parentID
@@ -2075,7 +2085,10 @@ func (h *Handler) processChildRelationsForField(
 	case []map[string]interface{}:
 		// Multiple related objects (typed slice)
 		for i, itemMap := range v {
-			// Add parent ID to foreign key field
+			if !isValidNestedRequest(itemMap) {
+				logger.Debug("Skipping relation typed array[%d] %s - missing or invalid _request value", i, relationName)
+				continue
+			}
 			// IMPORTANT: In recursive relationships, don't overwrite the primary key
 			if parentID != nil && foreignKeyFieldName != "" && foreignKeyFieldName != childPKFieldName {
 				itemMap[foreignKeyFieldName] = parentID
@@ -2096,6 +2109,24 @@ func (h *Handler) processChildRelationsForField(
 	return nil
 }
 
+// isValidNestedRequest returns true only when the item carries a _request key
+// whose value is one of the recognised mutation verbs.
+func isValidNestedRequest(item map[string]interface{}) bool {
+	raw, ok := item["_request"]
+	if !ok {
+		return false
+	}
+	s, ok := raw.(string)
+	if !ok {
+		return false
+	}
+	switch strings.ToLower(strings.TrimSpace(s)) {
+	case "insert", "add", "change", "update", "delete", "remove":
+		return true
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
 // getTableNameForRelatedModel gets the table name for a related model.
 // If the model's TableName() is schema-qualified (e.g. "public.users") the
 // separator is adjusted for the active driver: underscore for SQLite, dot otherwise.
@@ -2382,7 +2413,7 @@ func (h *Handler) generateMetadata(schema, entity string, model interface{}) *co
 	modelType := reflect.TypeOf(model)
 
 	// Unwrap pointers, slices, and arrays to get to the base struct type
-	for modelType.Kind() == reflect.Ptr || modelType.Kind() == reflect.Slice || modelType.Kind() == reflect.Array {
+	for modelType.Kind() == reflect.Pointer || modelType.Kind() == reflect.Slice || modelType.Kind() == reflect.Array {
 		modelType = modelType.Elem()
 	}
 
@@ -2431,7 +2462,7 @@ func (h *Handler) generateMetadata(schema, entity string, model interface{}) *co
 		// Check if this is a relation field (slice or struct, but not time.Time)
 		if field.Type.Kind() == reflect.Slice ||
 			(field.Type.Kind() == reflect.Struct && field.Type.Name() != "Time") ||
-			(field.Type.Kind() == reflect.Ptr && field.Type.Elem().Kind() == reflect.Struct && field.Type.Elem().Name() != "Time") {
+			(field.Type.Kind() == reflect.Pointer && field.Type.Elem().Kind() == reflect.Struct && field.Type.Elem().Name() != "Time") {
 			metadata.Relations = append(metadata.Relations, jsonName)
 			continue
 		}
@@ -2477,7 +2508,7 @@ func (h *Handler) getColumnType(t reflect.Type) string {
 		return "float"
 	case reflect.Bool:
 		return "boolean"
-	case reflect.Ptr:
+	case reflect.Pointer:
 		return h.getColumnType(t.Elem())
 	default:
 		return "unknown"
@@ -2485,7 +2516,7 @@ func (h *Handler) getColumnType(t reflect.Type) string {
 }
 
 func (h *Handler) isNullable(field reflect.StructField) bool {
-	return field.Type.Kind() == reflect.Ptr
+	return field.Type.Kind() == reflect.Pointer
 }
 
 func (h *Handler) sendResponse(w common.ResponseWriter, data interface{}, metadata *common.Metadata) {
@@ -2530,7 +2561,7 @@ func (h *Handler) normalizeResultArray(data interface{}) interface{} {
 
 	// Use reflection to check if data is a slice or array
 	dataValue := reflect.ValueOf(data)
-	if dataValue.Kind() == reflect.Ptr {
+	if dataValue.Kind() == reflect.Pointer {
 		dataValue = dataValue.Elem()
 	}
 
@@ -2555,8 +2586,103 @@ func (h *Handler) normalizeResultArray(data interface{}) interface{} {
 	return data
 }
 
-// sendFormattedResponse sends response with formatting options
+// buildDetailFields returns the field metadata list for the detail API format,
-func (h *Handler) sendFormattedResponse(w common.ResponseWriter, data interface{}, metadata *common.Metadata, options ExtendedRequestOptions) {
+// containing only non-relation scalar columns derived from the model's struct tags.
+func (h *Handler) buildDetailFields(model interface{}) []reflection.ModelFieldDetail {
+	if model == nil {
+		return []reflection.ModelFieldDetail{}
+	}
+
+	modelType := reflect.TypeOf(model)
+	for modelType != nil && (modelType.Kind() == reflect.Pointer || modelType.Kind() == reflect.Slice || modelType.Kind() == reflect.Array) {
+		modelType = modelType.Elem()
+	}
+	if modelType == nil || modelType.Kind() != reflect.Struct {
+		return []reflection.ModelFieldDetail{}
+	}
+
+	fields := make([]reflection.ModelFieldDetail, 0, modelType.NumField())
+	for i := 0; i < modelType.NumField(); i++ {
+		field := modelType.Field(i)
+		if !field.IsExported() {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		jsonTag := field.Tag.Get("json")
+		if jsonTag == "-" {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		// Skip relation fields (slices, structs that aren't time.Time, ptrs to struct)
+		ft := field.Type
+		if ft.Kind() == reflect.Pointer {
+			ft = ft.Elem()
+		}
+		if ft.Kind() == reflect.Slice ||
+			(ft.Kind() == reflect.Struct && ft.Name() != "Time") {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		jsonName := strings.Split(jsonTag, ",")[0]
+		if jsonName == "" {
+			jsonName = field.Name
+		}
+
+		gormTag := field.Tag.Get("gorm")
+		sqlName := fnFindTagVal(gormTag, "column:")
+		if sqlName == "" {
+			sqlName = jsonName
+		}
+
+		sqlDataType := fnFindTagVal(gormTag, "type:")
+
+		var sqlKey string
+		gormLower := strings.ToLower(gormTag)
+		switch {
+		case strings.Contains(gormLower, "identity") || strings.Contains(gormLower, "primary_key") || strings.Contains(gormLower, "primarykey"):
+			sqlKey = "primary_key"
+		case strings.Contains(gormLower, "uniqueindex"):
+			sqlKey = "uniqueindex"
+		case strings.Contains(gormLower, "unique"):
+			sqlKey = "unique"
+		}
+
+		nullable := field.Type.Kind() == reflect.Pointer
+		if strings.Contains(gormLower, "not null") {
+			nullable = false
+		} else if strings.Contains(gormLower, "nullable") || strings.Contains(gormLower, ",null") {
+			nullable = true
+		}
+
+		fields = append(fields, reflection.ModelFieldDetail{
+			Name:        jsonName,
+			DataType:    h.getColumnType(field.Type),
+			SQLName:     sqlName,
+			SQLDataType: sqlDataType,
+			SQLKey:      sqlKey,
+			Nullable:    nullable,
+		})
+	}
+	return fields
+}
+
+// fnFindTagVal extracts a value from a semicolon-separated struct tag string.
+func fnFindTagVal(tag, key string) string {
+	lower := strings.ToLower(tag)
+	idx := strings.Index(lower, strings.ToLower(key))
+	if idx < 0 {
+		return ""
+	}
+	val := tag[idx+len(key):]
+	if end := strings.Index(val, ";"); end >= 0 {
+		val = val[:end]
+	}
+	return val
+}
+
+// sendFormattedResponse sends response with formatting options.
+// model is used when ResponseFormat is "detail" to generate the fields metadata list.
+func (h *Handler) sendFormattedResponse(w common.ResponseWriter, data interface{}, metadata *common.Metadata, tableName string, model interface{}, options ExtendedRequestOptions) {
 	// Handle nil data - convert to empty array
 	if data == nil {
 		data = []interface{}{}
@@ -2609,8 +2735,29 @@ func (h *Handler) sendFormattedResponse(w common.ResponseWriter, data interface{
 		if err := w.WriteJSON(response); err != nil {
 			logger.Error("Failed to write JSON response: %v", err)
 		}
+	case "detail":
+		// Detail format: { count, fields, items, tablename, tableprefix, total }
+		var count, total int64
+		if metadata != nil {
+			count = metadata.Count
+			total = metadata.Total
+		}
+		tablePrefix := reflection.ExtractTableNameOnly(tableName)
+		fieldList := h.buildDetailFields(model)
+		response := map[string]interface{}{
+			"count":       strconv.FormatInt(count, 10),
+			"fields":      fieldList,
+			"items":       data,
+			"tablename":   tableName,
+			"tableprefix": tablePrefix,
+			"total":       strconv.FormatInt(total, 10),
+		}
+		w.WriteHeader(http.StatusOK)
+		if err := w.WriteJSON(response); err != nil {
+			logger.Error("Failed to write JSON response: %v", err)
+		}
 	default:
-		// Default/detail format: standard response with metadata
+		// Default format: standard response with metadata
 		response := common.Response{
 			Success:  true,
 			Data:     data,
@@ -2868,7 +3015,7 @@ func (h *Handler) buildFilterSQL(filter *common.FilterOption, tableName string)
 func (h *Handler) setRowNumbersOnRecords(records any, offset int) {
 	// Get the reflect value of the records
 	recordsValue := reflect.ValueOf(records)
-	if recordsValue.Kind() == reflect.Ptr {
+	if recordsValue.Kind() == reflect.Pointer {
 		recordsValue = recordsValue.Elem()
 	}
 
@@ -2883,7 +3030,7 @@ func (h *Handler) setRowNumbersOnRecords(records any, offset int) {
 		record := recordsValue.Index(i)
 
 		// Dereference if it's a pointer
-		if record.Kind() == reflect.Ptr {
+		if record.Kind() == reflect.Pointer {
 			if record.IsNil() {
 				continue
 			}
@@ -2938,7 +3085,7 @@ func (h *Handler) filterExtendedOptions(validator *common.ColumnValidator, optio
 	// Filter Expand columns using the expand relation's model
 	filteredExpands := make([]ExpandOption, 0, len(options.Expand))
 	modelType := reflect.TypeOf(model)
-	if modelType.Kind() == reflect.Ptr {
+	if modelType.Kind() == reflect.Pointer {
 		modelType = modelType.Elem()
 	}
 

pkg/restheadspec/handler_nested_test.go

@@ -352,6 +352,45 @@ func (m *mockRegistry) GetAllModels() map[string]interface{} {
 	return m.models
 }
 
+// TestIsValidNestedRequest verifies that only the allowed _request verbs are accepted
+// and that items missing the key are rejected.
+func TestIsValidNestedRequest(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name     string
+		item     map[string]interface{}
+		expected bool
+	}{
+		// Valid verbs
+		{name: "insert", item: map[string]interface{}{"_request": "insert"}, expected: true},
+		{name: "add", item: map[string]interface{}{"_request": "add"}, expected: true},
+		{name: "update", item: map[string]interface{}{"_request": "update"}, expected: true},
+		{name: "change", item: map[string]interface{}{"_request": "change"}, expected: true},
+		{name: "delete", item: map[string]interface{}{"_request": "delete"}, expected: true},
+		{name: "remove", item: map[string]interface{}{"_request": "remove"}, expected: true},
+		// Case-insensitive
+		{name: "INSERT uppercase", item: map[string]interface{}{"_request": "INSERT"}, expected: true},
+		{name: "Remove mixed case", item: map[string]interface{}{"_request": "Remove"}, expected: true},
+		// Whitespace trimmed
+		{name: "insert with spaces", item: map[string]interface{}{"_request": "  insert  "}, expected: true},
+		// Invalid / missing
+		{name: "missing _request", item: map[string]interface{}{"name": "foo"}, expected: false},
+		{name: "empty string", item: map[string]interface{}{"_request": ""}, expected: false},
+		{name: "unknown verb", item: map[string]interface{}{"_request": "create"}, expected: false},
+		{name: "unknown verb modify", item: map[string]interface{}{"_request": "modify"}, expected: false},
+		{name: "non-string value", item: map[string]interface{}{"_request": 42}, expected: false},
+		{name: "nil value", item: map[string]interface{}{"_request": nil}, expected: false},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			got := isValidNestedRequest(tt.item)
+			if got != tt.expected {
+				t.Errorf("isValidNestedRequest(%v) = %v, want %v", tt.item, got, tt.expected)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
 // TestMultiLevelRelationExtraction tests extracting deeply nested relations
 func TestMultiLevelRelationExtraction(t *testing.T) {
 	registry := &mockRegistry{

pkg/restheadspec/headers.go

@@ -977,7 +977,7 @@ func (h *Handler) resolveRelationName(model interface{}, nameOrTable string) str
 	}
 
 	// Dereference pointer if needed
-	if modelType.Kind() == reflect.Ptr {
+	if modelType.Kind() == reflect.Pointer {
 		modelType = modelType.Elem()
 	}
 
@@ -1012,13 +1012,13 @@ func (h *Handler) resolveRelationName(model interface{}, nameOrTable string) str
 		var targetType reflect.Type
 		if fieldType.Kind() == reflect.Slice {
 			targetType = fieldType.Elem()
-		} else if fieldType.Kind() == reflect.Ptr {
+		} else if fieldType.Kind() == reflect.Pointer {
 			targetType = fieldType.Elem()
 		}
 
 		if targetType != nil {
 			// Dereference pointer if the slice contains pointers
-			if targetType.Kind() == reflect.Ptr {
+			if targetType.Kind() == reflect.Pointer {
 				targetType = targetType.Elem()
 			}
 
@@ -1062,7 +1062,7 @@ func (h *Handler) resolveRelationNameWithJoinKey(model interface{}, nameOrTable
 	if modelType == nil {
 		return nameOrTable
 	}
-	if modelType.Kind() == reflect.Ptr {
+	if modelType.Kind() == reflect.Pointer {
 		modelType = modelType.Elem()
 	}
 	if modelType == nil || modelType.Kind() != reflect.Struct {
@@ -1089,10 +1089,10 @@ func (h *Handler) resolveRelationNameWithJoinKey(model interface{}, nameOrTable
 		var targetType reflect.Type
 		if fieldType.Kind() == reflect.Slice {
 			targetType = fieldType.Elem()
-		} else if fieldType.Kind() == reflect.Ptr {
+		} else if fieldType.Kind() == reflect.Pointer {
 			targetType = fieldType.Elem()
 		}
-		if targetType != nil && targetType.Kind() == reflect.Ptr {
+		if targetType != nil && targetType.Kind() == reflect.Pointer {
 			targetType = targetType.Elem()
 		}
 		if targetType == nil || targetType.Kind() != reflect.Struct {

pkg/security/database_schema.sql

@@ -13,6 +13,9 @@ CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS users (
     created_at TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
     updated_at TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
     last_login_at TIMESTAMP,
+    -- Program-level user mapping
+    program_user_id INTEGER DEFAULT 0,
+    program_user_table VARCHAR(255) DEFAULT '',
     -- OAuth2 fields
     remote_id VARCHAR(255), -- Provider's user ID (e.g., Google sub, GitHub id)
     auth_provider VARCHAR(50), -- 'local', 'google', 'github', 'microsoft', 'facebook', etc.
@@ -99,6 +102,8 @@ DECLARE
     v_expires_at TIMESTAMP;
     v_ip_address TEXT;
     v_user_agent TEXT;
+    v_program_user_id INTEGER;
+    v_program_user_table TEXT;
 BEGIN
     -- Extract login request fields
     v_username := p_request->>'username';
@@ -106,8 +111,8 @@ BEGIN
     v_user_agent := p_request->'claims'->>'user_agent';
 
     -- Validate user credentials
-    SELECT id, username, email, password, user_level, roles
+    SELECT id, username, email, password, user_level, roles, program_user_id, program_user_table
-    INTO v_user_id, v_username, v_email, v_password_hash, v_user_level, v_roles
+    INTO v_user_id, v_username, v_email, v_password_hash, v_user_level, v_roles, v_program_user_id, v_program_user_table
     FROM users
     WHERE username = v_username AND is_active = true;
 
@@ -146,7 +151,9 @@ BEGIN
                 'email', v_email,
                 'user_level', v_user_level,
                 'roles', string_to_array(COALESCE(v_roles, ''), ','),
-                'session_id', v_session_token
+                'session_id', v_session_token,
+                'program_user_id', COALESCE(v_program_user_id, 0),
+                'program_user_table', COALESCE(v_program_user_table, '')
             ),
             'expires_in', 86400 -- 24 hours in seconds
         );
@@ -195,12 +202,16 @@ DECLARE
     v_user_level INTEGER;
     v_roles TEXT;
     v_session_id TEXT;
+    v_program_user_id INTEGER;
+    v_program_user_table TEXT;
 BEGIN
     -- Query session and user data
     SELECT
-        s.user_id, u.username, u.email, u.user_level, u.roles, s.session_token
+        s.user_id, u.username, u.email, u.user_level, u.roles, s.session_token,
+        u.program_user_id, u.program_user_table
     INTO
-        v_user_id, v_username, v_email, v_user_level, v_roles, v_session_id
+        v_user_id, v_username, v_email, v_user_level, v_roles, v_session_id,
+        v_program_user_id, v_program_user_table
     FROM user_sessions s
     JOIN users u ON s.user_id = u.id
     WHERE s.session_token = p_session_token
@@ -222,7 +233,9 @@ BEGIN
             'email', v_email,
             'user_level', v_user_level,
             'session_id', v_session_id,
-            'roles', string_to_array(COALESCE(v_roles, ''), ',')
+            'roles', string_to_array(COALESCE(v_roles, ''), ','),
+            'program_user_id', COALESCE(v_program_user_id, 0),
+            'program_user_table', COALESCE(v_program_user_table, '')
         );
 END;
 $$ LANGUAGE plpgsql;
@@ -266,10 +279,14 @@ DECLARE
     v_expires_at TIMESTAMP;
     v_ip_address TEXT;
     v_user_agent TEXT;
+    v_program_user_id INTEGER;
+    v_program_user_table TEXT;
 BEGIN
     -- Verify old session exists and is valid
-    SELECT s.user_id, u.username, u.email, u.user_level, u.roles, s.ip_address, s.user_agent
+    SELECT s.user_id, u.username, u.email, u.user_level, u.roles, s.ip_address, s.user_agent,
-    INTO v_user_id, v_username, v_email, v_user_level, v_roles, v_ip_address, v_user_agent
+           u.program_user_id, u.program_user_table
+    INTO v_user_id, v_username, v_email, v_user_level, v_roles, v_ip_address, v_user_agent,
+         v_program_user_id, v_program_user_table
     FROM user_sessions s
     JOIN users u ON s.user_id = u.id
     WHERE s.session_token = p_old_session_token
@@ -302,7 +319,9 @@ BEGIN
             'email', v_email,
             'user_level', v_user_level,
             'session_id', v_new_session_token,
-            'roles', string_to_array(COALESCE(v_roles, ''), ',')
+            'roles', string_to_array(COALESCE(v_roles, ''), ','),
+            'program_user_id', COALESCE(v_program_user_id, 0),
+            'program_user_table', COALESCE(v_program_user_table, '')
         );
 END;
 $$ LANGUAGE plpgsql;
@@ -439,6 +458,8 @@ DECLARE
     v_ip_address TEXT;
     v_user_agent TEXT;
     v_roles_array TEXT[];
+    v_program_user_id INTEGER;
+    v_program_user_table TEXT;
 BEGIN
     -- Extract registration request fields
     v_username := p_request->>'username';
@@ -447,6 +468,8 @@ BEGIN
     v_user_level := COALESCE((p_request->>'user_level')::integer, 0);
     v_ip_address := p_request->'claims'->>'ip_address';
     v_user_agent := p_request->'claims'->>'user_agent';
+    v_program_user_id := COALESCE((p_request->>'program_user_id')::integer, 0);
+    v_program_user_table := COALESCE(p_request->>'program_user_table', '');
     
     -- Convert roles array from JSON to comma-separated string
     SELECT array_to_string(ARRAY(SELECT jsonb_array_elements_text(p_request->'roles')), ',')
@@ -485,8 +508,8 @@ BEGIN
     -- v_password := crypt(v_password, gen_salt('bf'));
 
     -- Create new user
-    INSERT INTO users (username, email, password, user_level, roles, is_active, created_at, updated_at)
+    INSERT INTO users (username, email, password, user_level, roles, is_active, created_at, updated_at, program_user_id, program_user_table)
-    VALUES (v_username, v_email, v_password, v_user_level, v_roles, true, now(), now())
+    VALUES (v_username, v_email, v_password, v_user_level, v_roles, true, now(), now(), v_program_user_id, v_program_user_table)
     RETURNING id INTO v_user_id;
 
     -- Generate session token
@@ -512,7 +535,9 @@ BEGIN
                 'email', v_email,
                 'user_level', v_user_level,
                 'roles', string_to_array(COALESCE(v_roles, ''), ','),
-                'session_id', v_session_token
+                'session_id', v_session_token,
+                'program_user_id', v_program_user_id,
+                'program_user_table', v_program_user_table
             ),
             'expires_in', 86400 -- 24 hours in seconds
         );
@@ -671,12 +696,16 @@ DECLARE
     v_user_level INTEGER;
     v_roles TEXT;
     v_expires_at TIMESTAMP;
+    v_program_user_id INTEGER;
+    v_program_user_table TEXT;
 BEGIN
     -- Query session and user data from user_sessions table
     SELECT
-        s.user_id, u.username, u.email, u.user_level, u.roles, s.expires_at
+        s.user_id, u.username, u.email, u.user_level, u.roles, s.expires_at,
+        u.program_user_id, u.program_user_table
     INTO
-        v_user_id, v_username, v_email, v_user_level, v_roles, v_expires_at
+        v_user_id, v_username, v_email, v_user_level, v_roles, v_expires_at,
+        v_program_user_id, v_program_user_table
     FROM user_sessions s
     JOIN users u ON s.user_id = u.id
     WHERE s.session_token = p_session_token
@@ -698,7 +727,9 @@ BEGIN
             'email', v_email,
             'user_level', v_user_level,
             'session_id', p_session_token,
-            'roles', string_to_array(COALESCE(v_roles, ''), ',')
+            'roles', string_to_array(COALESCE(v_roles, ''), ','),
+            'program_user_id', COALESCE(v_program_user_id, 0),
+            'program_user_table', COALESCE(v_program_user_table, '')
         );
 END;
 $$ LANGUAGE plpgsql;
@@ -815,10 +846,12 @@ DECLARE
     v_email TEXT;
     v_user_level INTEGER;
     v_roles TEXT;
+    v_program_user_id INTEGER;
+    v_program_user_table TEXT;
 BEGIN
     -- Query user data
-    SELECT username, email, user_level, roles
+    SELECT username, email, user_level, roles, program_user_id, program_user_table
-    INTO v_username, v_email, v_user_level, v_roles
+    INTO v_username, v_email, v_user_level, v_roles, v_program_user_id, v_program_user_table
     FROM users
     WHERE id = p_user_id
       AND is_active = true;
@@ -837,7 +870,9 @@ BEGIN
             'user_name', v_username,
             'email', v_email,
             'user_level', v_user_level,
-            'roles', string_to_array(COALESCE(v_roles, ''), ',')
+            'roles', string_to_array(COALESCE(v_roles, ''), ','),
+            'program_user_id', COALESCE(v_program_user_id, 0),
+            'program_user_table', COALESCE(v_program_user_table, '')
         );
 END;
 $$ LANGUAGE plpgsql;

pkg/security/hooks.go

@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ func applyRowSecurity(secCtx SecurityContext, securityList *SecurityList) error
 
 		// Get primary key name from model
 		modelType := reflect.TypeOf(model)
-		if modelType.Kind() == reflect.Ptr {
+		if modelType.Kind() == reflect.Pointer {
 			modelType = modelType.Elem()
 		}
 
@@ -155,13 +155,13 @@ func applyColumnSecurity(secCtx SecurityContext, securityList *SecurityList) err
 
 	// Get model type
 	modelType := reflect.TypeOf(model)
-	if modelType.Kind() == reflect.Ptr {
+	if modelType.Kind() == reflect.Pointer {
 		modelType = modelType.Elem()
 	}
 
 	// Apply column security masking
 	resultValue := reflect.ValueOf(result)
-	if resultValue.Kind() == reflect.Ptr {
+	if resultValue.Kind() == reflect.Pointer {
 		resultValue = resultValue.Elem()
 	}
 

pkg/security/interfaces.go

@@ -18,6 +18,8 @@ type UserContext struct {
 	Claims           map[string]any `json:"claims"`
 	Meta             map[string]any `json:"meta"`               // Additional metadata that can hold any JSON-serializable values
 	TwoFactorEnabled bool           `json:"two_factor_enabled"` // Indicates if 2FA is enabled for this user
+	ProgramUserID    int            `json:"program_user_id"`
+	ProgramUserTable string         `json:"program_user_table"`
 }
 
 // LoginRequest contains credentials for login

pkg/websocketspec/handler.go

@@ -671,6 +671,12 @@ func (h *Handler) create(hookCtx *HookContext) (interface{}, error) {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to create record: %w", err)
 	}
 
+	// Re-fetch the created record to capture DB-generated defaults/triggers.
+	if pkVal := reflection.GetPrimaryKeyValue(hookCtx.ModelPtr); pkVal != nil {
+		hookCtx.ID = fmt.Sprintf("%v", pkVal)
+		return h.readByID(hookCtx)
+	}
+
 	return hookCtx.ModelPtr, nil
 }
 
@@ -834,7 +840,7 @@ func (h *Handler) buildFilterCondition(filter common.FilterOption) (conditionStr
 func (h *Handler) setRowNumbersOnRecords(records interface{}, offset int) {
 	// Get the reflect value of the records
 	recordsValue := reflect.ValueOf(records)
-	if recordsValue.Kind() == reflect.Ptr {
+	if recordsValue.Kind() == reflect.Pointer {
 		recordsValue = recordsValue.Elem()
 	}
 
@@ -849,7 +855,7 @@ func (h *Handler) setRowNumbersOnRecords(records interface{}, offset int) {
 		record := recordsValue.Index(i)
 
 		// Dereference if it's a pointer
-		if record.Kind() == reflect.Ptr {
+		if record.Kind() == reflect.Pointer {
 			if record.IsNil() {
 				continue
 			}