Ability to handle multiple x-custom- headers

.golangci.json

@@ -86,7 +86,6 @@
           "emptyFallthrough",
           "equalFold",
           "flagName",
-          "ifElseChain",
           "indexAlloc",
           "initClause",
           "methodExprCall",
@@ -106,6 +105,9 @@
           "unnecessaryBlock",
           "weakCond",
           "yodaStyleExpr"
+        ],
+        "disabled-checks": [
+          "ifElseChain"
         ]
       },
       "revive": {

pkg/common/adapters/database/bun.go

@@ -237,7 +237,10 @@ func (b *BunSelectQuery) PreloadRelation(relation string, apply ...func(common.S
 	b.query = b.query.Relation(relation, func(sq *bun.SelectQuery) *bun.SelectQuery {
 		defer func() {
 			if r := recover(); r != nil {
-				logger.HandlePanic("BunSelectQuery.PreloadRelation", r)
+				err := logger.HandlePanic("BunSelectQuery.PreloadRelation", r)
+				if err != nil {
+					return
+				}
 			}
 		}()
 		if len(apply) == 0 {
@@ -401,7 +404,7 @@ func (b *BunInsertQuery) Exec(ctx context.Context) (res common.Result, err error
 			err = logger.HandlePanic("BunInsertQuery.Exec", r)
 		}
 	}()
-	if b.values != nil && len(b.values) > 0 {
+	if len(b.values) > 0 {
 		if !b.hasModel {
 			// If no model was set, use the values map as the model
 			// Bun can insert map[string]interface{} directly

pkg/common/sql_helpers.go

@@ -5,6 +5,8 @@ import (
 	"strings"
 
 	"github.com/bitechdev/ResolveSpec/pkg/logger"
+	"github.com/bitechdev/ResolveSpec/pkg/modelregistry"
+	"github.com/bitechdev/ResolveSpec/pkg/reflection"
 )
 
 // ValidateAndFixPreloadWhere validates that the WHERE clause for a preload contains
@@ -96,6 +98,173 @@ func IsSQLExpression(cond string) bool {
 	return false
 }
 
+// IsTrivialCondition checks if a condition is trivial and always evaluates to true
+// These conditions should be removed from WHERE clauses as they have no filtering effect
+func IsTrivialCondition(cond string) bool {
+	cond = strings.TrimSpace(cond)
+	lowerCond := strings.ToLower(cond)
+
+	// Conditions that always evaluate to true
+	trivialConditions := []string{
+		"1=1", "1 = 1", "1= 1", "1 =1",
+		"true", "true = true", "true=true", "true= true", "true =true",
+		"0=0", "0 = 0", "0= 0", "0 =0",
+	}
+
+	for _, trivial := range trivialConditions {
+		if lowerCond == trivial {
+			return true
+		}
+	}
+
+	return false
+}
+
+// SanitizeWhereClause removes trivial conditions and optionally prefixes table/relation names to columns
+// This function should be used everywhere a WHERE statement is sent to ensure clean, efficient SQL
+//
+// Parameters:
+//   - where: The WHERE clause string to sanitize
+//   - tableName: Optional table/relation name to prefix to column references (empty string to skip prefixing)
+//
+// Returns:
+//   - The sanitized WHERE clause with trivial conditions removed and columns optionally prefixed
+//   - An empty string if all conditions were trivial or the input was empty
+func SanitizeWhereClause(where string, tableName string) string {
+	if where == "" {
+		return ""
+	}
+
+	where = strings.TrimSpace(where)
+
+	// Strip outer parentheses and re-trim
+	where = stripOuterParentheses(where)
+
+	// Get valid columns from the model if tableName is provided
+	var validColumns map[string]bool
+	if tableName != "" {
+		validColumns = getValidColumnsForTable(tableName)
+	}
+
+	// Split by AND to handle multiple conditions
+	conditions := splitByAND(where)
+
+	validConditions := make([]string, 0, len(conditions))
+
+	for _, cond := range conditions {
+		cond = strings.TrimSpace(cond)
+		if cond == "" {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		// Strip parentheses from the condition before checking
+		condToCheck := stripOuterParentheses(cond)
+
+		// Skip trivial conditions that always evaluate to true
+		if IsTrivialCondition(condToCheck) {
+			logger.Debug("Removing trivial condition: '%s'", cond)
+			continue
+		}
+
+		// If tableName is provided and the condition doesn't already have a table prefix,
+		// attempt to add it
+		if tableName != "" && !hasTablePrefix(condToCheck) {
+			// Check if this is a SQL expression/literal that shouldn't be prefixed
+			if !IsSQLExpression(strings.ToLower(condToCheck)) {
+				// Extract the column name and prefix it
+				columnName := ExtractColumnName(condToCheck)
+				if columnName != "" {
+					// Only prefix if this is a valid column in the model
+					// If we don't have model info (validColumns is nil), prefix anyway for backward compatibility
+					if validColumns == nil || isValidColumn(columnName, validColumns) {
+						// Replace in the original condition (without stripped parens)
+						cond = strings.Replace(cond, columnName, tableName+"."+columnName, 1)
+						logger.Debug("Prefixed column in condition: '%s'", cond)
+					} else {
+						logger.Debug("Skipping prefix for '%s' - not a valid column in model", columnName)
+					}
+				}
+			}
+		}
+
+		validConditions = append(validConditions, cond)
+	}
+
+	if len(validConditions) == 0 {
+		return ""
+	}
+
+	result := strings.Join(validConditions, " AND ")
+
+	if result != where {
+		logger.Debug("Sanitized WHERE clause: '%s' -> '%s'", where, result)
+	}
+
+	return result
+}
+
+// stripOuterParentheses removes matching outer parentheses from a string
+// It handles nested parentheses correctly
+func stripOuterParentheses(s string) string {
+	s = strings.TrimSpace(s)
+
+	for {
+		if len(s) < 2 || s[0] != '(' || s[len(s)-1] != ')' {
+			return s
+		}
+
+		// Check if these parentheses match (i.e., they're the outermost pair)
+		depth := 0
+		matched := false
+		for i := 0; i < len(s); i++ {
+			switch s[i] {
+			case '(':
+				depth++
+			case ')':
+				depth--
+				if depth == 0 && i == len(s)-1 {
+					matched = true
+				} else if depth == 0 {
+					// Found a closing paren before the end, so outer parens don't match
+					return s
+				}
+			}
+		}
+
+		if !matched {
+			return s
+		}
+
+		// Strip the outer parentheses and continue
+		s = strings.TrimSpace(s[1 : len(s)-1])
+	}
+}
+
+// splitByAND splits a WHERE clause by AND operators (case-insensitive)
+// This is a simple split that doesn't handle nested parentheses or complex expressions
+func splitByAND(where string) []string {
+	// First try uppercase AND
+	conditions := strings.Split(where, " AND ")
+
+	// If we didn't split on uppercase, try lowercase
+	if len(conditions) == 1 {
+		conditions = strings.Split(where, " and ")
+	}
+
+	// If we still didn't split, try mixed case
+	if len(conditions) == 1 {
+		conditions = strings.Split(where, " And ")
+	}
+
+	return conditions
+}
+
+// hasTablePrefix checks if a condition already has a table/relation prefix (contains a dot)
+func hasTablePrefix(cond string) bool {
+	// Look for patterns like "table.column" or "`table`.`column`" or "\"table\".\"column\""
+	return strings.Contains(cond, ".")
+}
+
 // ExtractColumnName extracts the column name from a WHERE condition
 // For example: "status = 'active'" returns "status"
 func ExtractColumnName(cond string) string {
@@ -134,3 +303,38 @@ func IsSQLKeyword(word string) bool {
 	}
 	return false
 }
+
+// getValidColumnsForTable retrieves the valid SQL columns for a table from the model registry
+// Returns a map of column names for fast lookup, or nil if the model is not found
+func getValidColumnsForTable(tableName string) map[string]bool {
+	// Try to get the model from the registry
+	model, err := modelregistry.GetModelByName(tableName)
+	if err != nil {
+		// Model not found, return nil to indicate we should use fallback behavior
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	// Get SQL columns from the model
+	columns := reflection.GetSQLModelColumns(model)
+	if len(columns) == 0 {
+		// No columns found, return nil
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	// Build a map for fast lookup
+	columnMap := make(map[string]bool, len(columns))
+	for _, col := range columns {
+		columnMap[strings.ToLower(col)] = true
+	}
+
+	return columnMap
+}
+
+// isValidColumn checks if a column name exists in the valid columns map
+// Handles case-insensitive comparison
+func isValidColumn(columnName string, validColumns map[string]bool) bool {
+	if validColumns == nil {
+		return true // No model info, assume valid
+	}
+	return validColumns[strings.ToLower(columnName)]
+}

pkg/common/sql_helpers_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,224 @@
+package common
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/bitechdev/ResolveSpec/pkg/modelregistry"
+)
+
+func TestSanitizeWhereClause(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name      string
+		where     string
+		tableName string
+		expected  string
+	}{
+		{
+			name:      "trivial conditions in parentheses",
+			where:     "(true AND true AND true)",
+			tableName: "mastertask",
+			expected:  "",
+		},
+		{
+			name:      "trivial conditions without parentheses",
+			where:     "true AND true AND true",
+			tableName: "mastertask",
+			expected:  "",
+		},
+		{
+			name:      "single trivial condition",
+			where:     "true",
+			tableName: "mastertask",
+			expected:  "",
+		},
+		{
+			name:      "valid condition with parentheses",
+			where:     "(status = 'active')",
+			tableName: "users",
+			expected:  "users.status = 'active'",
+		},
+		{
+			name:      "mixed trivial and valid conditions",
+			where:     "true AND status = 'active' AND 1=1",
+			tableName: "users",
+			expected:  "users.status = 'active'",
+		},
+		{
+			name:      "condition already with table prefix",
+			where:     "users.status = 'active'",
+			tableName: "users",
+			expected:  "users.status = 'active'",
+		},
+		{
+			name:      "multiple valid conditions",
+			where:     "status = 'active' AND age > 18",
+			tableName: "users",
+			expected:  "users.status = 'active' AND users.age > 18",
+		},
+		{
+			name:      "no table name provided",
+			where:     "status = 'active'",
+			tableName: "",
+			expected:  "status = 'active'",
+		},
+		{
+			name:      "empty where clause",
+			where:     "",
+			tableName: "users",
+			expected:  "",
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			result := SanitizeWhereClause(tt.where, tt.tableName)
+			if result != tt.expected {
+				t.Errorf("SanitizeWhereClause(%q, %q) = %q; want %q", tt.where, tt.tableName, result, tt.expected)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestStripOuterParentheses(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name     string
+		input    string
+		expected string
+	}{
+		{
+			name:     "single level parentheses",
+			input:    "(true)",
+			expected: "true",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "multiple levels",
+			input:    "((true))",
+			expected: "true",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "no parentheses",
+			input:    "true",
+			expected: "true",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "mismatched parentheses",
+			input:    "(true",
+			expected: "(true",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "complex expression",
+			input:    "(a AND b)",
+			expected: "a AND b",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "nested but not outer",
+			input:    "(a AND (b OR c)) AND d",
+			expected: "(a AND (b OR c)) AND d",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "with spaces",
+			input:    "  ( true )  ",
+			expected: "true",
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			result := stripOuterParentheses(tt.input)
+			if result != tt.expected {
+				t.Errorf("stripOuterParentheses(%q) = %q; want %q", tt.input, result, tt.expected)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestIsTrivialCondition(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name     string
+		input    string
+		expected bool
+	}{
+		{"true", "true", true},
+		{"true with spaces", "  true  ", true},
+		{"TRUE uppercase", "TRUE", true},
+		{"1=1", "1=1", true},
+		{"1 = 1", "1 = 1", true},
+		{"true = true", "true = true", true},
+		{"valid condition", "status = 'active'", false},
+		{"false", "false", false},
+		{"column name", "is_active", false},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			result := IsTrivialCondition(tt.input)
+			if result != tt.expected {
+				t.Errorf("IsTrivialCondition(%q) = %v; want %v", tt.input, result, tt.expected)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+// Test model for model-aware sanitization tests
+type MasterTask struct {
+	ID     int    `bun:"id,pk"`
+	Name   string `bun:"name"`
+	Status string `bun:"status"`
+	UserID int    `bun:"user_id"`
+}
+
+func TestSanitizeWhereClauseWithModel(t *testing.T) {
+	// Register the test model
+	err := modelregistry.RegisterModel(MasterTask{}, "mastertask")
+	if err != nil {
+		// Model might already be registered, ignore error
+		t.Logf("Model registration returned: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	tests := []struct {
+		name      string
+		where     string
+		tableName string
+		expected  string
+	}{
+		{
+			name:      "valid column gets prefixed",
+			where:     "status = 'active'",
+			tableName: "mastertask",
+			expected:  "mastertask.status = 'active'",
+		},
+		{
+			name:      "multiple valid columns get prefixed",
+			where:     "status = 'active' AND user_id = 123",
+			tableName: "mastertask",
+			expected:  "mastertask.status = 'active' AND mastertask.user_id = 123",
+		},
+		{
+			name:      "invalid column does not get prefixed",
+			where:     "invalid_column = 'value'",
+			tableName: "mastertask",
+			expected:  "invalid_column = 'value'",
+		},
+		{
+			name:      "mix of valid and trivial conditions",
+			where:     "true AND status = 'active' AND 1=1",
+			tableName: "mastertask",
+			expected:  "mastertask.status = 'active'",
+		},
+		{
+			name:      "parentheses with valid column",
+			where:     "(status = 'active')",
+			tableName: "mastertask",
+			expected:  "mastertask.status = 'active'",
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			result := SanitizeWhereClause(tt.where, tt.tableName)
+			if result != tt.expected {
+				t.Errorf("SanitizeWhereClause(%q, %q) = %q; want %q", tt.where, tt.tableName, result, tt.expected)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}

pkg/common/sql_types.go

@@ -238,13 +238,13 @@ func (t *SqlTimeStamp) UnmarshalJSON(b []byte) error {
 	var err error
 
 	if b == nil {
-		t = &SqlTimeStamp{}
+
 		return nil
 	}
 	s := strings.Trim(strings.Trim(string(b), " "), "\"")
 	if s == "null" || s == "" || s == "0" ||
 		s == "0001-01-01T00:00:00" || s == "0001-01-01" {
-		t = &SqlTimeStamp{}
+
 		return nil
 	}
 
@@ -293,7 +293,7 @@ func (t *SqlTimeStamp) Scan(value interface{}) error {
 
 // String - Override String format of time
 func (t SqlTimeStamp) String() string {
-	return fmt.Sprintf("%s", time.Time(t).Format("2006-01-02T15:04:05"))
+	return time.Time(t).Format("2006-01-02T15:04:05")
 }
 
 // GetTime - Returns Time
@@ -308,7 +308,7 @@ func (t *SqlTimeStamp) SetTime(pTime time.Time) {
 
 // Format - Formats the time
 func (t SqlTimeStamp) Format(layout string) string {
-	return fmt.Sprintf("%s", time.Time(t).Format(layout))
+	return time.Time(t).Format(layout)
 }
 
 func SqlTimeStampNow() SqlTimeStamp {
@@ -420,7 +420,6 @@ func (t *SqlDate) UnmarshalJSON(b []byte) error {
 	if s == "null" || s == "" || s == "0" ||
 		strings.HasPrefix(s, "0001-01-01T00:00:00") ||
 		s == "0001-01-01" {
-		t = &SqlDate{}
 		return nil
 	}
 
@@ -434,7 +433,7 @@ func (t *SqlDate) UnmarshalJSON(b []byte) error {
 
 // MarshalJSON - Override JSON format of time
 func (t SqlDate) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
-	tmstr := time.Time(t).Format("2006-01-02") //time.RFC3339
+	tmstr := time.Time(t).Format("2006-01-02") // time.RFC3339
 	if strings.HasPrefix(tmstr, "0001-01-01") {
 		return []byte("null"), nil
 	}
@@ -482,7 +481,7 @@ func (t SqlDate) Int64() int64 {
 
 // String - Override String format of time
 func (t SqlDate) String() string {
-	tmstr := time.Time(t).Format("2006-01-02") //time.RFC3339
+	tmstr := time.Time(t).Format("2006-01-02") // time.RFC3339
 	if strings.HasPrefix(tmstr, "0001-01-01") || strings.HasPrefix(tmstr, "1800-12-31") {
 		return "0"
 	}
@@ -517,8 +516,8 @@ func (t *SqlTime) UnmarshalJSON(b []byte) error {
 		*t = SqlTime{}
 		return nil
 	}
-	tx := time.Time{}
-	tx, err = tryParseDT(s)
+
+	tx, err := tryParseDT(s)
 	*t = SqlTime(tx)
 
 	return err
@@ -642,9 +641,8 @@ func (n SqlJSONB) AsSlice() ([]any, error) {
 func (n *SqlJSONB) UnmarshalJSON(b []byte) error {
 
 	s := strings.Trim(strings.Trim(string(b), " "), "\"")
-	invalid := (s == "null" || s == "" || len(s) < 2) || !(strings.Contains(s, "{") || strings.Contains(s, "["))
+	invalid := (s == "null" || s == "" || len(s) < 2) || (!strings.Contains(s, "{") && !strings.Contains(s, "["))
 	if invalid {
-		s = ""
 		return nil
 	}
 
@@ -661,7 +659,7 @@ func (n SqlJSONB) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
 	var obj interface{}
 	err := json.Unmarshal(n, &obj)
 	if err != nil {
-		//fmt.Printf("Invalid JSON %v", err)
+		// fmt.Printf("Invalid JSON %v", err)
 		return []byte("null"), nil
 	}
 
@@ -725,7 +723,6 @@ func (n *SqlUUID) UnmarshalJSON(b []byte) error {
 	s := strings.Trim(strings.Trim(string(b), " "), "\"")
 	invalid := (s == "null" || s == "" || len(s) < 30)
 	if invalid {
-		s = ""
 		return nil
 	}
 	*n = SqlUUID(sql.NullString{String: s, Valid: !invalid})

pkg/common/types.go

@@ -40,9 +40,14 @@ type PreloadOption struct {
 	Where       string            `json:"where"`
 	Limit       *int              `json:"limit"`
 	Offset      *int              `json:"offset"`
-	Updatable   *bool             `json:"updateable"` // if true, the relation can be updated
+	Updatable   *bool             `json:"updateable"`  // if true, the relation can be updated
 	ComputedQL  map[string]string `json:"computed_ql"` // Computed columns as SQL expressions
 	Recursive   bool              `json:"recursive"`   // if true, preload recursively up to 5 levels
+
+	// Relationship keys from XFiles - used to build proper foreign key filters
+	PrimaryKey string `json:"primary_key"` // Primary key of the related table
+	RelatedKey string `json:"related_key"` // For child tables: column in child that references parent
+	ForeignKey string `json:"foreign_key"` // For parent tables: column in current table that references parent
 }
 
 type FilterOption struct {

pkg/common/validation.go

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ import (
 	"strings"
 
 	"github.com/bitechdev/ResolveSpec/pkg/logger"
+	"github.com/bitechdev/ResolveSpec/pkg/reflection"
 )
 
 // ColumnValidator validates column names against a model's fields
@@ -92,23 +93,6 @@ func (v *ColumnValidator) getColumnName(field reflect.StructField) string {
 	return strings.ToLower(field.Name)
 }
 
-// extractSourceColumn extracts the base column name from PostgreSQL JSON operators
-// Examples:
-//   - "columna->>'val'" returns "columna"
-//   - "columna->'key'" returns "columna"
-//   - "columna" returns "columna"
-//   - "table.columna->>'val'" returns "table.columna"
-func extractSourceColumn(colName string) string {
-	// Check for PostgreSQL JSON operators: -> and ->>
-	if idx := strings.Index(colName, "->>"); idx != -1 {
-		return strings.TrimSpace(colName[:idx])
-	}
-	if idx := strings.Index(colName, "->"); idx != -1 {
-		return strings.TrimSpace(colName[:idx])
-	}
-	return colName
-}
-
 // ValidateColumn validates a single column name
 // Returns nil if valid, error if invalid
 // Columns prefixed with "cql" (case insensitive) are always valid
@@ -125,7 +109,7 @@ func (v *ColumnValidator) ValidateColumn(column string) error {
 	}
 
 	// Extract source column name (remove JSON operators like ->> or ->)
-	sourceColumn := extractSourceColumn(column)
+	sourceColumn := reflection.ExtractSourceColumn(column)
 
 	// Check if column exists in model
 	if _, exists := v.validColumns[strings.ToLower(sourceColumn)]; !exists {

pkg/common/validation_json_test.go

@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@ package common
 
 import (
 	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/bitechdev/ResolveSpec/pkg/reflection"
 )
 
 func TestExtractSourceColumn(t *testing.T) {
@@ -49,9 +51,9 @@ func TestExtractSourceColumn(t *testing.T) {
 
 	for _, tc := range testCases {
 		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			result := extractSourceColumn(tc.input)
+			result := reflection.ExtractSourceColumn(tc.input)
 			if result != tc.expected {
-				t.Errorf("extractSourceColumn(%q) = %q; want %q", tc.input, result, tc.expected)
+				t.Errorf("reflection.ExtractSourceColumn(%q) = %q; want %q", tc.input, result, tc.expected)
 			}
 		})
 	}

pkg/reflection/generic_model.go

@@ -26,8 +26,7 @@ func GetModelColumnDetail(record reflect.Value) []ModelFieldDetail {
 		}
 	}()
 
-	var lst []ModelFieldDetail
-	lst = make([]ModelFieldDetail, 0)
+	lst := make([]ModelFieldDetail, 0)
 
 	if !record.IsValid() {
 		return lst

pkg/reflection/helpers.go

@@ -17,3 +17,33 @@ func Len(v any) int {
 		return 0
 	}
 }
+
+// ExtractTableNameOnly extracts the table name from a fully qualified table reference.
+// It removes any schema prefix (e.g., "schema.table" -> "table") and truncates at
+// the first delimiter (comma, space, tab, or newline). If the input contains multiple
+// dots, it returns everything after the last dot up to the first delimiter.
+func ExtractTableNameOnly(fullName string) string {
+	// First, split by dot to remove schema prefix if present
+	lastDotIndex := -1
+	for i, char := range fullName {
+		if char == '.' {
+			lastDotIndex = i
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Start from after the last dot (or from beginning if no dot)
+	startIndex := 0
+	if lastDotIndex != -1 {
+		startIndex = lastDotIndex + 1
+	}
+
+	// Now find the end (first delimiter after the table name)
+	for i := startIndex; i < len(fullName); i++ {
+		char := rune(fullName[i])
+		if char == ',' || char == ' ' || char == '\t' || char == '\n' {
+			return fullName[startIndex:i]
+		}
+	}
+
+	return fullName[startIndex:]
+}

pkg/reflection/model_utils.go

@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
 package reflection
 
 import (
+	"fmt"
 	"reflect"
+	"strconv"
 	"strings"
 
 	"github.com/bitechdev/ResolveSpec/pkg/modelregistry"
@@ -132,7 +134,7 @@ func findFieldByName(val reflect.Value, name string) any {
 		}
 
 		// Check if field name matches
-		if strings.ToLower(field.Name) == name && fieldValue.CanInterface() {
+		if strings.EqualFold(field.Name, name) && fieldValue.CanInterface() {
 			return fieldValue.Interface()
 		}
 	}
@@ -409,8 +411,8 @@ func collectSQLColumnsFromType(typ reflect.Type, columns *[]string, scanOnlyEmbe
 		if bunTag != "" {
 			// Skip if it's a bun relation (rel:, join:, or m2m:)
 			if strings.Contains(bunTag, "rel:") ||
-			   strings.Contains(bunTag, "join:") ||
-			   strings.Contains(bunTag, "m2m:") {
+				strings.Contains(bunTag, "join:") ||
+				strings.Contains(bunTag, "m2m:") {
 				continue
 			}
 		}
@@ -419,9 +421,9 @@ func collectSQLColumnsFromType(typ reflect.Type, columns *[]string, scanOnlyEmbe
 		if gormTag != "" {
 			// Skip if it has gorm relationship tags
 			if strings.Contains(gormTag, "foreignKey:") ||
-			   strings.Contains(gormTag, "references:") ||
-			   strings.Contains(gormTag, "many2many:") ||
-			   strings.Contains(gormTag, "constraint:") {
+				strings.Contains(gormTag, "references:") ||
+				strings.Contains(gormTag, "many2many:") ||
+				strings.Contains(gormTag, "constraint:") {
 				continue
 			}
 		}
@@ -472,7 +474,7 @@ func IsColumnWritable(model any, columnName string) bool {
 
 // isColumnWritableInType recursively searches for a column and checks if it's writable
 // Returns (found, writable) where found indicates if the column was found
-func isColumnWritableInType(typ reflect.Type, columnName string) (bool, bool) {
+func isColumnWritableInType(typ reflect.Type, columnName string) (found bool, writable bool) {
 	for i := 0; i < typ.NumField(); i++ {
 		field := typ.Field(i)
 
@@ -561,3 +563,321 @@ func isGormFieldReadOnly(tag string) bool {
 	}
 	return false
 }
+
+// ExtractSourceColumn extracts the base column name from PostgreSQL JSON operators
+// Examples:
+//   - "columna->>'val'" returns "columna"
+//   - "columna->'key'" returns "columna"
+//   - "columna" returns "columna"
+//   - "table.columna->>'val'" returns "table.columna"
+func ExtractSourceColumn(colName string) string {
+	// Check for PostgreSQL JSON operators: -> and ->>
+	if idx := strings.Index(colName, "->>"); idx != -1 {
+		return strings.TrimSpace(colName[:idx])
+	}
+	if idx := strings.Index(colName, "->"); idx != -1 {
+		return strings.TrimSpace(colName[:idx])
+	}
+	return colName
+}
+
+// ToSnakeCase converts a string from CamelCase to snake_case
+func ToSnakeCase(s string) string {
+	var result strings.Builder
+	for i, r := range s {
+		if i > 0 && r >= 'A' && r <= 'Z' {
+			result.WriteRune('_')
+		}
+		result.WriteRune(r)
+	}
+	return strings.ToLower(result.String())
+}
+
+// GetColumnTypeFromModel uses reflection to determine the Go type of a column in a model
+func GetColumnTypeFromModel(model interface{}, colName string) reflect.Kind {
+	if model == nil {
+		return reflect.Invalid
+	}
+
+	// Extract the source column name (remove JSON operators like ->> or ->)
+	sourceColName := ExtractSourceColumn(colName)
+
+	modelType := reflect.TypeOf(model)
+	// Dereference pointer if needed
+	if modelType.Kind() == reflect.Ptr {
+		modelType = modelType.Elem()
+	}
+
+	// Ensure it's a struct
+	if modelType.Kind() != reflect.Struct {
+		return reflect.Invalid
+	}
+
+	// Find the field by JSON tag or field name
+	for i := 0; i < modelType.NumField(); i++ {
+		field := modelType.Field(i)
+
+		// Check JSON tag
+		jsonTag := field.Tag.Get("json")
+		if jsonTag != "" {
+			// Parse JSON tag (format: "name,omitempty")
+			parts := strings.Split(jsonTag, ",")
+			if parts[0] == sourceColName {
+				return field.Type.Kind()
+			}
+		}
+
+		// Check field name (case-insensitive)
+		if strings.EqualFold(field.Name, sourceColName) {
+			return field.Type.Kind()
+		}
+
+		// Check snake_case conversion
+		snakeCaseName := ToSnakeCase(field.Name)
+		if snakeCaseName == sourceColName {
+			return field.Type.Kind()
+		}
+	}
+
+	return reflect.Invalid
+}
+
+// IsNumericType checks if a reflect.Kind is a numeric type
+func IsNumericType(kind reflect.Kind) bool {
+	return kind == reflect.Int || kind == reflect.Int8 || kind == reflect.Int16 ||
+		kind == reflect.Int32 || kind == reflect.Int64 || kind == reflect.Uint ||
+		kind == reflect.Uint8 || kind == reflect.Uint16 || kind == reflect.Uint32 ||
+		kind == reflect.Uint64 || kind == reflect.Float32 || kind == reflect.Float64
+}
+
+// IsStringType checks if a reflect.Kind is a string type
+func IsStringType(kind reflect.Kind) bool {
+	return kind == reflect.String
+}
+
+// IsNumericValue checks if a string value can be parsed as a number
+func IsNumericValue(value string) bool {
+	value = strings.TrimSpace(value)
+	_, err := strconv.ParseFloat(value, 64)
+	return err == nil
+}
+
+// ConvertToNumericType converts a string value to the appropriate numeric type
+func ConvertToNumericType(value string, kind reflect.Kind) (interface{}, error) {
+	value = strings.TrimSpace(value)
+
+	switch kind {
+	case reflect.Int, reflect.Int8, reflect.Int16, reflect.Int32, reflect.Int64:
+		// Parse as integer
+		bitSize := 64
+		switch kind {
+		case reflect.Int8:
+			bitSize = 8
+		case reflect.Int16:
+			bitSize = 16
+		case reflect.Int32:
+			bitSize = 32
+		}
+
+		intVal, err := strconv.ParseInt(value, 10, bitSize)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid integer value: %w", err)
+		}
+
+		// Return the appropriate type
+		switch kind {
+		case reflect.Int:
+			return int(intVal), nil
+		case reflect.Int8:
+			return int8(intVal), nil
+		case reflect.Int16:
+			return int16(intVal), nil
+		case reflect.Int32:
+			return int32(intVal), nil
+		case reflect.Int64:
+			return intVal, nil
+		}
+
+	case reflect.Uint, reflect.Uint8, reflect.Uint16, reflect.Uint32, reflect.Uint64:
+		// Parse as unsigned integer
+		bitSize := 64
+		switch kind {
+		case reflect.Uint8:
+			bitSize = 8
+		case reflect.Uint16:
+			bitSize = 16
+		case reflect.Uint32:
+			bitSize = 32
+		}
+
+		uintVal, err := strconv.ParseUint(value, 10, bitSize)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid unsigned integer value: %w", err)
+		}
+
+		// Return the appropriate type
+		switch kind {
+		case reflect.Uint:
+			return uint(uintVal), nil
+		case reflect.Uint8:
+			return uint8(uintVal), nil
+		case reflect.Uint16:
+			return uint16(uintVal), nil
+		case reflect.Uint32:
+			return uint32(uintVal), nil
+		case reflect.Uint64:
+			return uintVal, nil
+		}
+
+	case reflect.Float32, reflect.Float64:
+		// Parse as float
+		bitSize := 64
+		if kind == reflect.Float32 {
+			bitSize = 32
+		}
+
+		floatVal, err := strconv.ParseFloat(value, bitSize)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid float value: %w", err)
+		}
+
+		if kind == reflect.Float32 {
+			return float32(floatVal), nil
+		}
+		return floatVal, nil
+	}
+
+	return nil, fmt.Errorf("unsupported numeric type: %v", kind)
+}
+
+// GetRelationModel gets the model type for a relation field
+// It searches for the field by name in the following order (case-insensitive):
+// 1. Actual field name
+// 2. Bun tag name (if exists)
+// 3. Gorm tag name (if exists)
+// 4. JSON tag name (if exists)
+//
+// Supports recursive field paths using dot notation (e.g., "MAL.MAL.DEF")
+// For nested fields, it traverses through each level of the struct hierarchy
+func GetRelationModel(model interface{}, fieldName string) interface{} {
+	if model == nil || fieldName == "" {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	// Split the field name by "." to handle nested/recursive relations
+	fieldParts := strings.Split(fieldName, ".")
+
+	// Start with the current model
+	currentModel := model
+
+	// Traverse through each level of the field path
+	for _, part := range fieldParts {
+		if part == "" {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		currentModel = getRelationModelSingleLevel(currentModel, part)
+		if currentModel == nil {
+			return nil
+		}
+	}
+
+	return currentModel
+}
+
+// getRelationModelSingleLevel gets the model type for a single level field (non-recursive)
+// This is a helper function used by GetRelationModel to handle one level at a time
+func getRelationModelSingleLevel(model interface{}, fieldName string) interface{} {
+	if model == nil || fieldName == "" {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	modelType := reflect.TypeOf(model)
+	if modelType == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	if modelType.Kind() == reflect.Ptr {
+		modelType = modelType.Elem()
+	}
+
+	if modelType == nil || modelType.Kind() != reflect.Struct {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	// Find the field by checking in priority order (case-insensitive)
+	var field *reflect.StructField
+	normalizedFieldName := strings.ToLower(fieldName)
+
+	for i := 0; i < modelType.NumField(); i++ {
+		f := modelType.Field(i)
+
+		// 1. Check actual field name (case-insensitive)
+		if strings.EqualFold(f.Name, fieldName) {
+			field = &f
+			break
+		}
+
+		// 2. Check bun tag name
+		bunTag := f.Tag.Get("bun")
+		if bunTag != "" {
+			bunColName := ExtractColumnFromBunTag(bunTag)
+			if bunColName != "" && strings.EqualFold(bunColName, normalizedFieldName) {
+				field = &f
+				break
+			}
+		}
+
+		// 3. Check gorm tag name
+		gormTag := f.Tag.Get("gorm")
+		if gormTag != "" {
+			gormColName := ExtractColumnFromGormTag(gormTag)
+			if gormColName != "" && strings.EqualFold(gormColName, normalizedFieldName) {
+				field = &f
+				break
+			}
+		}
+
+		// 4. Check JSON tag name
+		jsonTag := f.Tag.Get("json")
+		if jsonTag != "" {
+			parts := strings.Split(jsonTag, ",")
+			if len(parts) > 0 && parts[0] != "" && parts[0] != "-" {
+				if strings.EqualFold(parts[0], normalizedFieldName) {
+					field = &f
+					break
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	if field == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	// Get the target type
+	targetType := field.Type
+	if targetType == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	if targetType.Kind() == reflect.Slice {
+		targetType = targetType.Elem()
+		if targetType == nil {
+			return nil
+		}
+	}
+	if targetType.Kind() == reflect.Ptr {
+		targetType = targetType.Elem()
+		if targetType == nil {
+			return nil
+		}
+	}
+
+	if targetType.Kind() != reflect.Struct {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	// Create a zero value of the target type
+	return reflect.New(targetType).Elem().Interface()
+}

pkg/resolvespec/handler.go

@@ -199,7 +199,9 @@ func (h *Handler) handleRead(ctx context.Context, w common.ResponseWriter, id st
 	// Apply column selection
 	if len(options.Columns) > 0 {
 		logger.Debug("Selecting columns: %v", options.Columns)
-		query = query.Column(options.Columns...)
+		for _, col := range options.Columns {
+			query = query.Column(reflection.ExtractSourceColumn(col))
+		}
 	}
 
 	if len(options.ComputedColumns) > 0 {
@@ -1149,6 +1151,11 @@ func (h *Handler) applyPreloads(model interface{}, query common.SelectQuery, pre
 
 		logger.Debug("Applying preload: %s", relationFieldName)
 		query = query.PreloadRelation(relationFieldName, func(sq common.SelectQuery) common.SelectQuery {
+			if len(preload.Columns) == 0 && (len(preload.ComputedQL) > 0 || len(preload.OmitColumns) > 0) {
+				preload.Columns = reflection.GetSQLModelColumns(model)
+			}
+
+			// Handle column selection and omission
 			if len(preload.OmitColumns) > 0 {
 				allCols := reflection.GetSQLModelColumns(model)
 				// Remove omitted columns
@@ -1204,7 +1211,10 @@ func (h *Handler) applyPreloads(model interface{}, query common.SelectQuery, pre
 			}
 
 			if len(preload.Where) > 0 {
-				sq = sq.Where(preload.Where)
+				sanitizedWhere := common.SanitizeWhereClause(preload.Where, reflection.ExtractTableNameOnly(preload.Relation))
+				if len(sanitizedWhere) > 0 {
+					sq = sq.Where(sanitizedWhere)
+				}
 			}
 
 			if preload.Limit != nil && *preload.Limit > 0 {

pkg/restheadspec/handler.go

@@ -213,6 +213,10 @@ func (h *Handler) handleRead(ctx context.Context, w common.ResponseWriter, id st
 	tableName := GetTableName(ctx)
 	model := GetModel(ctx)
 
+	if id == "" {
+		options.SingleRecordAsObject = false
+	}
+
 	// Execute BeforeRead hooks
 	hookCtx := &HookContext{
 		Context:   ctx,
@@ -299,7 +303,10 @@ func (h *Handler) handleRead(ctx context.Context, w common.ResponseWriter, id st
 	// Apply column selection
 	if len(options.Columns) > 0 {
 		logger.Debug("Selecting columns: %v", options.Columns)
-		query = query.Column(options.Columns...)
+		for _, col := range options.Columns {
+			query = query.Column(reflection.ExtractSourceColumn(col))
+		}
+
 	}
 
 	// Apply expand (Just expand to Preload for now)
@@ -391,13 +398,21 @@ func (h *Handler) handleRead(ctx context.Context, w common.ResponseWriter, id st
 	// Apply custom SQL WHERE clause (AND condition)
 	if options.CustomSQLWhere != "" {
 		logger.Debug("Applying custom SQL WHERE: %s", options.CustomSQLWhere)
-		query = query.Where(options.CustomSQLWhere)
+		// Sanitize without auto-prefixing since custom SQL may reference multiple tables
+		sanitizedWhere := common.SanitizeWhereClause(options.CustomSQLWhere, reflection.ExtractTableNameOnly(tableName))
+		if sanitizedWhere != "" {
+			query = query.Where(sanitizedWhere)
+		}
 	}
 
 	// Apply custom SQL WHERE clause (OR condition)
 	if options.CustomSQLOr != "" {
 		logger.Debug("Applying custom SQL OR: %s", options.CustomSQLOr)
-		query = query.WhereOr(options.CustomSQLOr)
+		// Sanitize without auto-prefixing since custom SQL may reference multiple tables
+		sanitizedOr := common.SanitizeWhereClause(options.CustomSQLOr, reflection.ExtractTableNameOnly(tableName))
+		if sanitizedOr != "" {
+			query = query.WhereOr(sanitizedOr)
+		}
 	}
 
 	// If ID is provided, filter by ID
@@ -473,7 +488,10 @@ func (h *Handler) handleRead(ctx context.Context, w common.ResponseWriter, id st
 		// Apply cursor filter to query
 		if cursorFilter != "" {
 			logger.Debug("Applying cursor filter: %s", cursorFilter)
-			query = query.Where(cursorFilter)
+			sanitizedCursor := common.SanitizeWhereClause(cursorFilter, reflection.ExtractTableNameOnly(tableName))
+			if sanitizedCursor != "" {
+				query = query.Where(sanitizedCursor)
+			}
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -549,59 +567,83 @@ func (h *Handler) handleRead(ctx context.Context, w common.ResponseWriter, id st
 
 // applyPreloadWithRecursion applies a preload with support for ComputedQL and recursive preloading
 func (h *Handler) applyPreloadWithRecursion(query common.SelectQuery, preload common.PreloadOption, model interface{}, depth int) common.SelectQuery {
+	// Log relationship keys if they're specified (from XFiles)
+	if preload.RelatedKey != "" || preload.ForeignKey != "" || preload.PrimaryKey != "" {
+		logger.Debug("Preload %s has relationship keys - PK: %s, RelatedKey: %s, ForeignKey: %s",
+			preload.Relation, preload.PrimaryKey, preload.RelatedKey, preload.ForeignKey)
+
+		// Build a WHERE clause using the relationship keys if needed
+		// Note: Bun's PreloadRelation typically handles the relationship join automatically via struct tags
+		// However, if the relationship keys are explicitly provided from XFiles, we can use them
+		// to add additional filtering or validation
+		if preload.RelatedKey != "" && preload.Where == "" {
+			// For child tables: ensure the child's relatedkey column will be matched
+			// The actual parent value is dynamic and handled by Bun's preload mechanism
+			// We just log this for visibility
+			logger.Debug("Child table %s will be filtered by %s matching parent's primary key",
+				preload.Relation, preload.RelatedKey)
+		}
+		if preload.ForeignKey != "" && preload.Where == "" {
+			// For parent tables: ensure the parent's primary key matches the current table's foreign key
+			logger.Debug("Parent table %s will be filtered by primary key matching current table's %s",
+				preload.Relation, preload.ForeignKey)
+		}
+	}
+
 	// Apply the preload
 	query = query.PreloadRelation(preload.Relation, func(sq common.SelectQuery) common.SelectQuery {
 		// Get the related model for column operations
-		relatedModel := h.getRelationModel(model, preload.Relation)
+		relatedModel := reflection.GetRelationModel(model, preload.Relation)
 		if relatedModel == nil {
 			logger.Warn("Could not get related model for preload: %s", preload.Relation)
-			relatedModel = model // fallback to parent model
-		}
+			// relatedModel = model // fallback to parent model
+		} else {
 
-		// If we have computed columns but no explicit columns, populate with all model columns first
-		// since computed columns are additions
-		if len(preload.Columns) == 0 && len(preload.ComputedQL) > 0 && relatedModel != nil {
-			logger.Debug("Populating preload columns with all model columns since computed columns are additions")
-			preload.Columns = reflection.GetSQLModelColumns(relatedModel)
-		}
+			// If we have computed columns but no explicit columns, populate with all model columns first
+			// since computed columns are additions
+			if len(preload.Columns) == 0 && (len(preload.ComputedQL) > 0 || len(preload.OmitColumns) > 0) {
+				logger.Debug("Populating preload columns with all model columns since computed columns are additions")
+				preload.Columns = reflection.GetSQLModelColumns(relatedModel)
+			}
 
-		// Apply ComputedQL fields if any
-		if len(preload.ComputedQL) > 0 {
-			for colName, colExpr := range preload.ComputedQL {
-				logger.Debug("Applying computed column to preload %s: %s", preload.Relation, colName)
-				sq = sq.ColumnExpr(fmt.Sprintf("(%s) AS %s", colExpr, colName))
-				// Remove the computed column from selected columns to avoid duplication
-				for colIndex := range preload.Columns {
-					if preload.Columns[colIndex] == colName {
-						preload.Columns = append(preload.Columns[:colIndex], preload.Columns[colIndex+1:]...)
-						break
+			// Apply ComputedQL fields if any
+			if len(preload.ComputedQL) > 0 {
+				for colName, colExpr := range preload.ComputedQL {
+					logger.Debug("Applying computed column to preload %s: %s", preload.Relation, colName)
+					sq = sq.ColumnExpr(fmt.Sprintf("(%s) AS %s", colExpr, colName))
+					// Remove the computed column from selected columns to avoid duplication
+					for colIndex := range preload.Columns {
+						if preload.Columns[colIndex] == colName {
+							preload.Columns = append(preload.Columns[:colIndex], preload.Columns[colIndex+1:]...)
+							break
+						}
 					}
 				}
 			}
-		}
 
-		// Handle OmitColumns
-		if len(preload.OmitColumns) > 0 && relatedModel != nil {
-			allCols := reflection.GetModelColumns(relatedModel)
-			// Remove omitted columns
-			preload.Columns = []string{}
-			for _, col := range allCols {
-				addCols := true
-				for _, omitCol := range preload.OmitColumns {
-					if col == omitCol {
-						addCols = false
-						break
+			// Handle OmitColumns
+			if len(preload.OmitColumns) > 0 {
+				allCols := preload.Columns
+				// Remove omitted columns
+				preload.Columns = []string{}
+				for _, col := range allCols {
+					addCols := true
+					for _, omitCol := range preload.OmitColumns {
+						if col == omitCol {
+							addCols = false
+							break
+						}
+					}
+					if addCols {
+						preload.Columns = append(preload.Columns, col)
 					}
 				}
-				if addCols {
-					preload.Columns = append(preload.Columns, col)
-				}
 			}
-		}
 
-		// Apply column selection
-		if len(preload.Columns) > 0 {
-			sq = sq.Column(preload.Columns...)
+			// Apply column selection
+			if len(preload.Columns) > 0 {
+				sq = sq.Column(preload.Columns...)
+			}
 		}
 
 		// Apply filters
@@ -620,7 +662,10 @@ func (h *Handler) applyPreloadWithRecursion(query common.SelectQuery, preload co
 
 		// Apply WHERE clause
 		if len(preload.Where) > 0 {
-			sq = sq.Where(preload.Where)
+			sanitizedWhere := common.SanitizeWhereClause(preload.Where, reflection.ExtractTableNameOnly(preload.Relation))
+			if len(sanitizedWhere) > 0 {
+				sq = sq.Where(sanitizedWhere)
+			}
 		}
 
 		// Apply limit
@@ -628,6 +673,10 @@ func (h *Handler) applyPreloadWithRecursion(query common.SelectQuery, preload co
 			sq = sq.Limit(*preload.Limit)
 		}
 
+		if preload.Offset != nil && *preload.Offset > 0 {
+			sq = sq.Offset(*preload.Offset)
+		}
+
 		return sq
 	})
 
@@ -1312,7 +1361,7 @@ func (h *Handler) normalizeToSlice(data interface{}) []interface{} {
 func (h *Handler) extractNestedRelations(
 	data map[string]interface{},
 	model interface{},
-) (map[string]interface{}, map[string]interface{}, error) {
+) (_cleanedData map[string]interface{}, _relations map[string]interface{}, _err error) {
 	// Get model type for reflection
 	modelType := reflect.TypeOf(model)
 	for modelType != nil && (modelType.Kind() == reflect.Ptr || modelType.Kind() == reflect.Slice || modelType.Kind() == reflect.Array) {
@@ -1741,7 +1790,7 @@ func (h *Handler) sendResponseWithOptions(w common.ResponseWriter, data interfac
 // Returns the single element if data is a slice/array with exactly one element, otherwise returns data unchanged
 func (h *Handler) normalizeResultArray(data interface{}) interface{} {
 	if data == nil {
-		return data
+		return nil
 	}
 
 	// Use reflection to check if data is a slice or array

pkg/restheadspec/headers.go

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ import (
 
 	"github.com/bitechdev/ResolveSpec/pkg/common"
 	"github.com/bitechdev/ResolveSpec/pkg/logger"
+	"github.com/bitechdev/ResolveSpec/pkg/reflection"
 )
 
 // ExtendedRequestOptions extends common.RequestOptions with additional features
@@ -122,78 +123,85 @@ func (h *Handler) parseOptionsFromHeaders(r common.Request, model interface{}) E
 
 	// Merge headers and query parameters - query parameters take precedence
 	// This allows the same parameters to be specified in either headers or query string
+	// Normalize keys to lowercase to ensure query params properly override headers
 	combinedParams := make(map[string]string)
 	for key, value := range headers {
-		combinedParams[key] = value
+		combinedParams[strings.ToLower(key)] = value
 	}
 	for key, value := range queryParams {
-		combinedParams[key] = value
+		combinedParams[strings.ToLower(key)] = value
 	}
 
 	// Process each parameter (from both headers and query params)
+	// Note: keys are already normalized to lowercase in combinedParams
 	for key, value := range combinedParams {
-		// Normalize parameter key to lowercase for consistent matching
-		normalizedKey := strings.ToLower(key)
-
 		// Decode value if it's base64 encoded
 		decodedValue := decodeHeaderValue(value)
 
 		// Parse based on parameter prefix/name
 		switch {
 		// Field Selection
-		case strings.HasPrefix(normalizedKey, "x-select-fields"):
+		case strings.HasPrefix(key, "x-select-fields"):
 			h.parseSelectFields(&options, decodedValue)
-		case strings.HasPrefix(normalizedKey, "x-not-select-fields"):
+		case strings.HasPrefix(key, "x-not-select-fields"):
 			h.parseNotSelectFields(&options, decodedValue)
-		case strings.HasPrefix(normalizedKey, "x-clean-json"):
+		case strings.HasPrefix(key, "x-clean-json"):
 			options.CleanJSON = strings.EqualFold(decodedValue, "true")
 
 		// Filtering & Search
-		case strings.HasPrefix(normalizedKey, "x-fieldfilter-"):
-			h.parseFieldFilter(&options, normalizedKey, decodedValue)
-		case strings.HasPrefix(normalizedKey, "x-searchfilter-"):
-			h.parseSearchFilter(&options, normalizedKey, decodedValue)
-		case strings.HasPrefix(normalizedKey, "x-searchop-"):
-			h.parseSearchOp(&options, normalizedKey, decodedValue, "AND")
-		case strings.HasPrefix(normalizedKey, "x-searchor-"):
-			h.parseSearchOp(&options, normalizedKey, decodedValue, "OR")
-		case strings.HasPrefix(normalizedKey, "x-searchand-"):
-			h.parseSearchOp(&options, normalizedKey, decodedValue, "AND")
-		case strings.HasPrefix(normalizedKey, "x-searchcols"):
+		case strings.HasPrefix(key, "x-fieldfilter-"):
+			h.parseFieldFilter(&options, key, decodedValue)
+		case strings.HasPrefix(key, "x-searchfilter-"):
+			h.parseSearchFilter(&options, key, decodedValue)
+		case strings.HasPrefix(key, "x-searchop-"):
+			h.parseSearchOp(&options, key, decodedValue, "AND")
+		case strings.HasPrefix(key, "x-searchor-"):
+			h.parseSearchOp(&options, key, decodedValue, "OR")
+		case strings.HasPrefix(key, "x-searchand-"):
+			h.parseSearchOp(&options, key, decodedValue, "AND")
+		case strings.HasPrefix(key, "x-searchcols"):
 			options.SearchColumns = h.parseCommaSeparated(decodedValue)
-		case strings.HasPrefix(normalizedKey, "x-custom-sql-w"):
-			options.CustomSQLWhere = decodedValue
-		case strings.HasPrefix(normalizedKey, "x-custom-sql-or"):
-			options.CustomSQLOr = decodedValue
+		case strings.HasPrefix(key, "x-custom-sql-w"):
+			if options.CustomSQLWhere != "" {
+				options.CustomSQLWhere = fmt.Sprintf("%s AND (%s)", options.CustomSQLWhere, decodedValue)
+			} else {
+				options.CustomSQLWhere = decodedValue
+			}
+		case strings.HasPrefix(key, "x-custom-sql-or"):
+			if options.CustomSQLOr != "" {
+				options.CustomSQLOr = fmt.Sprintf("%s OR (%s)", options.CustomSQLOr, decodedValue)
+			} else {
+				options.CustomSQLOr = decodedValue
+			}
 
 		// Joins & Relations
-		case strings.HasPrefix(normalizedKey, "x-preload"):
-			if strings.HasSuffix(normalizedKey, "-where") {
+		case strings.HasPrefix(key, "x-preload"):
+			if strings.HasSuffix(key, "-where") {
 				continue
 			}
 			whereClaude := combinedParams[fmt.Sprintf("%s-where", key)]
 			h.parsePreload(&options, decodedValue, decodeHeaderValue(whereClaude))
 
-		case strings.HasPrefix(normalizedKey, "x-expand"):
+		case strings.HasPrefix(key, "x-expand"):
 			h.parseExpand(&options, decodedValue)
-		case strings.HasPrefix(normalizedKey, "x-custom-sql-join"):
+		case strings.HasPrefix(key, "x-custom-sql-join"):
 			// TODO: Implement custom SQL join
 			logger.Debug("Custom SQL join not yet implemented: %s", decodedValue)
 
 		// Sorting & Pagination
-		case strings.HasPrefix(normalizedKey, "x-sort"):
+		case strings.HasPrefix(key, "x-sort"):
 			h.parseSorting(&options, decodedValue)
-		//Special cases for older clients using sort(a,b,-c) syntax
-		case strings.HasPrefix(normalizedKey, "sort(") && strings.Contains(normalizedKey, ")"):
-			sortValue := normalizedKey[strings.Index(normalizedKey, "(")+1 : strings.Index(normalizedKey, ")")]
+		// Special cases for older clients using sort(a,b,-c) syntax
+		case strings.HasPrefix(key, "sort(") && strings.Contains(key, ")"):
+			sortValue := key[strings.Index(key, "(")+1 : strings.Index(key, ")")]
 			h.parseSorting(&options, sortValue)
-		case strings.HasPrefix(normalizedKey, "x-limit"):
+		case strings.HasPrefix(key, "x-limit"):
 			if limit, err := strconv.Atoi(decodedValue); err == nil {
 				options.Limit = &limit
 			}
-		//Special cases for older clients using limit(n) syntax
-		case strings.HasPrefix(normalizedKey, "limit(") && strings.Contains(normalizedKey, ")"):
-			limitValue := normalizedKey[strings.Index(normalizedKey, "(")+1 : strings.Index(normalizedKey, ")")]
+		// Special cases for older clients using limit(n) syntax
+		case strings.HasPrefix(key, "limit(") && strings.Contains(key, ")"):
+			limitValue := key[strings.Index(key, "(")+1 : strings.Index(key, ")")]
 			limitValueParts := strings.Split(limitValue, ",")
 
 			if len(limitValueParts) > 1 {
@@ -209,42 +217,43 @@ func (h *Handler) parseOptionsFromHeaders(r common.Request, model interface{}) E
 				}
 			}
 
-		case strings.HasPrefix(normalizedKey, "x-offset"):
+		case strings.HasPrefix(key, "x-offset"):
 			if offset, err := strconv.Atoi(decodedValue); err == nil {
 				options.Offset = &offset
 			}
 
-		case strings.HasPrefix(normalizedKey, "x-cursor-forward"):
+		case strings.HasPrefix(key, "x-cursor-forward"):
 			options.CursorForward = decodedValue
-		case strings.HasPrefix(normalizedKey, "x-cursor-backward"):
+		case strings.HasPrefix(key, "x-cursor-backward"):
 			options.CursorBackward = decodedValue
 
 		// Advanced Features
-		case strings.HasPrefix(normalizedKey, "x-advsql-"):
-			colName := strings.TrimPrefix(normalizedKey, "x-advsql-")
+		case strings.HasPrefix(key, "x-advsql-"):
+			colName := strings.TrimPrefix(key, "x-advsql-")
 			options.AdvancedSQL[colName] = decodedValue
-		case strings.HasPrefix(normalizedKey, "x-cql-sel-"):
-			colName := strings.TrimPrefix(normalizedKey, "x-cql-sel-")
+		case strings.HasPrefix(key, "x-cql-sel-"):
+			colName := strings.TrimPrefix(key, "x-cql-sel-")
 			options.ComputedQL[colName] = decodedValue
-		case strings.HasPrefix(normalizedKey, "x-distinct"):
+
+		case strings.HasPrefix(key, "x-distinct"):
 			options.Distinct = strings.EqualFold(decodedValue, "true")
-		case strings.HasPrefix(normalizedKey, "x-skipcount"):
+		case strings.HasPrefix(key, "x-skipcount"):
 			options.SkipCount = strings.EqualFold(decodedValue, "true")
-		case strings.HasPrefix(normalizedKey, "x-skipcache"):
+		case strings.HasPrefix(key, "x-skipcache"):
 			options.SkipCache = strings.EqualFold(decodedValue, "true")
-		case strings.HasPrefix(normalizedKey, "x-fetch-rownumber"):
+		case strings.HasPrefix(key, "x-fetch-rownumber"):
 			options.FetchRowNumber = &decodedValue
-		case strings.HasPrefix(normalizedKey, "x-pkrow"):
+		case strings.HasPrefix(key, "x-pkrow"):
 			options.PKRow = &decodedValue
 
 		// Response Format
-		case strings.HasPrefix(normalizedKey, "x-simpleapi"):
+		case strings.HasPrefix(key, "x-simpleapi"):
 			options.ResponseFormat = "simple"
-		case strings.HasPrefix(normalizedKey, "x-detailapi"):
+		case strings.HasPrefix(key, "x-detailapi"):
 			options.ResponseFormat = "detail"
-		case strings.HasPrefix(normalizedKey, "x-syncfusion"):
+		case strings.HasPrefix(key, "x-syncfusion"):
 			options.ResponseFormat = "syncfusion"
-		case strings.HasPrefix(normalizedKey, "x-single-record-as-object"):
+		case strings.HasPrefix(key, "x-single-record-as-object"):
 			// Parse as boolean - "false" disables, "true" enables (default is true)
 			if strings.EqualFold(decodedValue, "false") {
 				options.SingleRecordAsObject = false
@@ -253,11 +262,11 @@ func (h *Handler) parseOptionsFromHeaders(r common.Request, model interface{}) E
 			}
 
 		// Transaction Control
-		case strings.HasPrefix(normalizedKey, "x-transaction-atomic"):
+		case strings.HasPrefix(key, "x-transaction-atomic"):
 			options.AtomicTransaction = strings.EqualFold(decodedValue, "true")
 
 		// X-Files - comprehensive JSON configuration
-		case strings.HasPrefix(normalizedKey, "x-files"):
+		case strings.HasPrefix(key, "x-files"):
 			h.parseXFiles(&options, decodedValue)
 		}
 	}
@@ -267,6 +276,12 @@ func (h *Handler) parseOptionsFromHeaders(r common.Request, model interface{}) E
 		h.resolveRelationNamesInOptions(&options, model)
 	}
 
+	// Always sort according to the primary key if no sorting is specified
+	if len(options.Sort) == 0 {
+		pkName := reflection.GetPrimaryKeyName(model)
+		options.Sort = []common.SortOption{{Column: pkName, Direction: "ASC"}}
+	}
+
 	return options
 }
 
@@ -720,7 +735,7 @@ func (h *Handler) resolveRelationNamesInOptions(options *ExtendedRequestOptions,
 
 			// Try to get the model type for the next level
 			// This allows nested resolution
-			if nextModel := h.getRelationModel(currentModel, resolvedPart); nextModel != nil {
+			if nextModel := reflection.GetRelationModel(currentModel, resolvedPart); nextModel != nil {
 				currentModel = nextModel
 			}
 		}
@@ -744,58 +759,6 @@ func (h *Handler) resolveRelationNamesInOptions(options *ExtendedRequestOptions,
 	}
 }
 
-// getRelationModel gets the model type for a relation field
-func (h *Handler) getRelationModel(model interface{}, fieldName string) interface{} {
-	if model == nil || fieldName == "" {
-		return nil
-	}
-
-	modelType := reflect.TypeOf(model)
-	if modelType == nil {
-		return nil
-	}
-
-	if modelType.Kind() == reflect.Ptr {
-		modelType = modelType.Elem()
-	}
-
-	if modelType == nil || modelType.Kind() != reflect.Struct {
-		return nil
-	}
-
-	// Find the field
-	field, found := modelType.FieldByName(fieldName)
-	if !found {
-		return nil
-	}
-
-	// Get the target type
-	targetType := field.Type
-	if targetType == nil {
-		return nil
-	}
-
-	if targetType.Kind() == reflect.Slice {
-		targetType = targetType.Elem()
-		if targetType == nil {
-			return nil
-		}
-	}
-	if targetType.Kind() == reflect.Ptr {
-		targetType = targetType.Elem()
-		if targetType == nil {
-			return nil
-		}
-	}
-
-	if targetType.Kind() != reflect.Struct {
-		return nil
-	}
-
-	// Create a zero value of the target type
-	return reflect.New(targetType).Elem().Interface()
-}
-
 // resolveRelationName resolves a relation name or table name to the actual field name in the model
 // If the input is already a field name, it returns it as-is
 // If the input is a table name, it looks up the corresponding relation field
@@ -971,6 +934,20 @@ func (h *Handler) addXFilesPreload(xfile *XFiles, options *ExtendedRequestOption
 	// Set recursive flag
 	preloadOpt.Recursive = xfile.Recursive
 
+	// Extract relationship keys for proper foreign key filtering
+	if xfile.PrimaryKey != "" {
+		preloadOpt.PrimaryKey = xfile.PrimaryKey
+		logger.Debug("X-Files: Set primary key for %s: %s", relationPath, xfile.PrimaryKey)
+	}
+	if xfile.RelatedKey != "" {
+		preloadOpt.RelatedKey = xfile.RelatedKey
+		logger.Debug("X-Files: Set related key for %s: %s", relationPath, xfile.RelatedKey)
+	}
+	if xfile.ForeignKey != "" {
+		preloadOpt.ForeignKey = xfile.ForeignKey
+		logger.Debug("X-Files: Set foreign key for %s: %s", relationPath, xfile.ForeignKey)
+	}
+
 	// Add the preload option
 	options.Preload = append(options.Preload, preloadOpt)
 
@@ -983,192 +960,6 @@ func (h *Handler) addXFilesPreload(xfile *XFiles, options *ExtendedRequestOption
 	}
 }
 
-// extractSourceColumn extracts the base column name from PostgreSQL JSON operators
-// Examples:
-//   - "columna->>'val'" returns "columna"
-//   - "columna->'key'" returns "columna"
-//   - "columna" returns "columna"
-//   - "table.columna->>'val'" returns "table.columna"
-func extractSourceColumn(colName string) string {
-	// Check for PostgreSQL JSON operators: -> and ->>
-	if idx := strings.Index(colName, "->>"); idx != -1 {
-		return strings.TrimSpace(colName[:idx])
-	}
-	if idx := strings.Index(colName, "->"); idx != -1 {
-		return strings.TrimSpace(colName[:idx])
-	}
-	return colName
-}
-
-// getColumnTypeFromModel uses reflection to determine the Go type of a column in a model
-func (h *Handler) getColumnTypeFromModel(model interface{}, colName string) reflect.Kind {
-	if model == nil {
-		return reflect.Invalid
-	}
-
-	// Extract the source column name (remove JSON operators like ->> or ->)
-	sourceColName := extractSourceColumn(colName)
-
-	modelType := reflect.TypeOf(model)
-	// Dereference pointer if needed
-	if modelType.Kind() == reflect.Ptr {
-		modelType = modelType.Elem()
-	}
-
-	// Ensure it's a struct
-	if modelType.Kind() != reflect.Struct {
-		return reflect.Invalid
-	}
-
-	// Find the field by JSON tag or field name
-	for i := 0; i < modelType.NumField(); i++ {
-		field := modelType.Field(i)
-
-		// Check JSON tag
-		jsonTag := field.Tag.Get("json")
-		if jsonTag != "" {
-			// Parse JSON tag (format: "name,omitempty")
-			parts := strings.Split(jsonTag, ",")
-			if parts[0] == sourceColName {
-				return field.Type.Kind()
-			}
-		}
-
-		// Check field name (case-insensitive)
-		if strings.EqualFold(field.Name, sourceColName) {
-			return field.Type.Kind()
-		}
-
-		// Check snake_case conversion
-		snakeCaseName := toSnakeCase(field.Name)
-		if snakeCaseName == sourceColName {
-			return field.Type.Kind()
-		}
-	}
-
-	return reflect.Invalid
-}
-
-// toSnakeCase converts a string from CamelCase to snake_case
-func toSnakeCase(s string) string {
-	var result strings.Builder
-	for i, r := range s {
-		if i > 0 && r >= 'A' && r <= 'Z' {
-			result.WriteRune('_')
-		}
-		result.WriteRune(r)
-	}
-	return strings.ToLower(result.String())
-}
-
-// isNumericType checks if a reflect.Kind is a numeric type
-func isNumericType(kind reflect.Kind) bool {
-	return kind == reflect.Int || kind == reflect.Int8 || kind == reflect.Int16 ||
-		kind == reflect.Int32 || kind == reflect.Int64 || kind == reflect.Uint ||
-		kind == reflect.Uint8 || kind == reflect.Uint16 || kind == reflect.Uint32 ||
-		kind == reflect.Uint64 || kind == reflect.Float32 || kind == reflect.Float64
-}
-
-// isStringType checks if a reflect.Kind is a string type
-func isStringType(kind reflect.Kind) bool {
-	return kind == reflect.String
-}
-
-// convertToNumericType converts a string value to the appropriate numeric type
-func convertToNumericType(value string, kind reflect.Kind) (interface{}, error) {
-	value = strings.TrimSpace(value)
-
-	switch kind {
-	case reflect.Int, reflect.Int8, reflect.Int16, reflect.Int32, reflect.Int64:
-		// Parse as integer
-		bitSize := 64
-		switch kind {
-		case reflect.Int8:
-			bitSize = 8
-		case reflect.Int16:
-			bitSize = 16
-		case reflect.Int32:
-			bitSize = 32
-		}
-
-		intVal, err := strconv.ParseInt(value, 10, bitSize)
-		if err != nil {
-			return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid integer value: %w", err)
-		}
-
-		// Return the appropriate type
-		switch kind {
-		case reflect.Int:
-			return int(intVal), nil
-		case reflect.Int8:
-			return int8(intVal), nil
-		case reflect.Int16:
-			return int16(intVal), nil
-		case reflect.Int32:
-			return int32(intVal), nil
-		case reflect.Int64:
-			return intVal, nil
-		}
-
-	case reflect.Uint, reflect.Uint8, reflect.Uint16, reflect.Uint32, reflect.Uint64:
-		// Parse as unsigned integer
-		bitSize := 64
-		switch kind {
-		case reflect.Uint8:
-			bitSize = 8
-		case reflect.Uint16:
-			bitSize = 16
-		case reflect.Uint32:
-			bitSize = 32
-		}
-
-		uintVal, err := strconv.ParseUint(value, 10, bitSize)
-		if err != nil {
-			return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid unsigned integer value: %w", err)
-		}
-
-		// Return the appropriate type
-		switch kind {
-		case reflect.Uint:
-			return uint(uintVal), nil
-		case reflect.Uint8:
-			return uint8(uintVal), nil
-		case reflect.Uint16:
-			return uint16(uintVal), nil
-		case reflect.Uint32:
-			return uint32(uintVal), nil
-		case reflect.Uint64:
-			return uintVal, nil
-		}
-
-	case reflect.Float32, reflect.Float64:
-		// Parse as float
-		bitSize := 64
-		if kind == reflect.Float32 {
-			bitSize = 32
-		}
-
-		floatVal, err := strconv.ParseFloat(value, bitSize)
-		if err != nil {
-			return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid float value: %w", err)
-		}
-
-		if kind == reflect.Float32 {
-			return float32(floatVal), nil
-		}
-		return floatVal, nil
-	}
-
-	return nil, fmt.Errorf("unsupported numeric type: %v", kind)
-}
-
-// isNumericValue checks if a string value can be parsed as a number
-func isNumericValue(value string) bool {
-	value = strings.TrimSpace(value)
-	_, err := strconv.ParseFloat(value, 64)
-	return err == nil
-}
-
 // ColumnCastInfo holds information about whether a column needs casting
 type ColumnCastInfo struct {
 	NeedsCast     bool
@@ -1182,7 +973,7 @@ func (h *Handler) ValidateAndAdjustFilterForColumnType(filter *common.FilterOpti
 		return ColumnCastInfo{NeedsCast: false, IsNumericType: false}
 	}
 
-	colType := h.getColumnTypeFromModel(model, filter.Column)
+	colType := reflection.GetColumnTypeFromModel(model, filter.Column)
 	if colType == reflect.Invalid {
 		// Column not found in model, no casting needed
 		logger.Debug("Column %s not found in model, skipping type validation", filter.Column)
@@ -1193,18 +984,18 @@ func (h *Handler) ValidateAndAdjustFilterForColumnType(filter *common.FilterOpti
 	valueIsNumeric := false
 	if strVal, ok := filter.Value.(string); ok {
 		strVal = strings.Trim(strVal, "%")
-		valueIsNumeric = isNumericValue(strVal)
+		valueIsNumeric = reflection.IsNumericValue(strVal)
 	}
 
 	// Adjust based on column type
 	switch {
-	case isNumericType(colType):
+	case reflection.IsNumericType(colType):
 		// Column is numeric
 		if valueIsNumeric {
 			// Value is numeric - try to convert it
 			if strVal, ok := filter.Value.(string); ok {
 				strVal = strings.Trim(strVal, "%")
-				numericVal, err := convertToNumericType(strVal, colType)
+				numericVal, err := reflection.ConvertToNumericType(strVal, colType)
 				if err != nil {
 					logger.Debug("Failed to convert value '%s' to numeric type for column %s, will use text cast", strVal, filter.Column)
 					return ColumnCastInfo{NeedsCast: true, IsNumericType: true}
@@ -1219,7 +1010,7 @@ func (h *Handler) ValidateAndAdjustFilterForColumnType(filter *common.FilterOpti
 			return ColumnCastInfo{NeedsCast: true, IsNumericType: true}
 		}
 
-	case isStringType(colType):
+	case reflection.IsStringType(colType):
 		// String columns don't need casting
 		return ColumnCastInfo{NeedsCast: false, IsNumericType: false}